Written Assignment 7: Lewis Acids and Bases

 

Answer all assigned questions and problems, and show all work.

 

1.      Oxalic acid (C₂H₂O₄) has the following structure:

An oxalic acid solution contains the following species in varying concentrations: C₂H₂O₄, C₂HO₄^–, C₂O₄^2–, and H⁺.

 

a.       Draw Lewis structures of C₂HO₄^– and C₂O₄^2–. (5 points)

b.      Which of the above four species can act only as acids, which can act only as bases, and which can act as both acids and bases? (5 points)

 

(Reference: Chang 15.7)

 

              

 

 

2.   Classify each of the following species as a Lewis acid or a Lewis base: (a) CO₂, (b) H₂O, (c) I^–, (d) SO₂ , (e) NH₃, (f) OH^–, (g) H⁺, (h) BCl₃. (24 points)

 

(Reference: Chang 15.93)

 

 

 

 

3.      Describe the following reaction in terms of the Lewis theory of acids and bases: (4 points)

 

AlCl₃(s)  +  Cl^–(aq) → AlCl₄^–(aq)

 

(Reference: Chang 15.94)

 

 

 

 

4.      Which would be considered a stronger Lewis acid: (a) BF₃ or BCl₃, (b) Fe⁺² or Fe⁺³? Explain. (4 points)

 

(Reference: Chang 15.95)

 

 

 

 

5.      Complete the following statements for the complex ion [Co(en)₂(H₂O)CN]²⁺. (16 points)\

 

a.       en is the abbreviation for:

 

b.      The oxidation number of Co is:

 

c.       The coordination number of Co is:

 

d.      ______ is a bidentate ligand.

(Reference: Chang 23.11)

 

 

 

 

 

6.      Give the oxidation numbers of the metals in the following species: (12 points)

a.       K₃[Fe(CN)₆]

b.      K₃[Cr(C₂O₄)₃]

c.       [Ni(CN)₄]^2–

(Reference: Chang 23.13)

 

 

 

 

7.      What are the systematic names for the following ions and compounds? (12 points)

a.       [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺

b.      Cr(NH₃)₃Cl₃

c.       [Co(en)₂Br₂]⁺

d.      [Co(NH₃)₆]Cl₃

 

(Reference: Chang 23.15)

 

 

 

8.      Write the formulas for each of the following ions and compounds: (12 points)

a.       tetrahydroxozincate(II)

b.      pentaaquochlorochromium(III)

c.       tetrabromocuprate(II)

d.      ethylenediaminetetraacetatoferrate(II)

 

(Reference: Chang 23.17)

 

 

 

 

9.      Oxalic acid, H₂C₂O₄, is sometimes used to clean rust stains from sinks and bathtubs. Explain the chemistry underlying this cleaning action. (3 points)

 

(Reference: Chang 23.41)

           

 

 

 

10.  The label of a certain brand of mayonnaise lists EDTA as a food preservative. How does EDTA prevent the spoilage of mayonnaise? (3 points)

           

(Reference: Chang 23.66)

 

 

 

 

 

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