1. 

In each of the following situations, a significance test for a population mean µ is called for. State the null hypothesis H0 and the alternative hypothesis Ha in each case. Then, assume p=0.02. State the decision that should be made based upon this p-value. Be sure to justify your decision.

a) Experiments on learning in animals sometimes measure how long it takes a mouse to find its way through a maze. The mean time is 18 seconds for one particular maze. A researcher thinks that a loud noise will cause the mice to complete the maze faster. She measures how long each of 10 mice takes with a noise as stimulus.
b) The examinations in a large accounting class are scaled after grading so that the mean score is 50. A self-confident teaching assistant thinks that his students have a higher mean score than the class as a whole. His students this semester can be considered a sample from the population of all students he might teach, so he compares their mean score with 50.
c) A university awards credit in French language courses to students who pass a placement test. The language department wants to know if students who get credit in this way differ in their understanding of spoken French from students who actually take the French courses. Some faculty think the students who test out of the courses are better, but others argue that they are weaker in oral comprehension. Experience has shown that the mean score of students in the courses on a standard listening test is 24. The language department gives the same listening test to a sample of 40 students who passed the credit examination to see if their performance is different.

 

2. 

How much education children get is strongly associated with the wealth and social status of their parents. In social science jargon, this is "socioeconomic status," or SES. But the SES of parents has little influence on whether children who have graduated from college go on to yet more education. One study looked at whether college graduates took the graduate admissions tests for business, law, and other graduate programs. The effects of the parents' SES on taking the LSAT test for law school were "both statistically insignificant and small."

a) What does "statistically insignificant" mean?
b) Why is it important that the effects were small in size as well as insignificant

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Status NEW Posted 26 Aug 2017 08:08 AM My Price 8.00

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