Week 5 Final paper.docx 

I have completed the paper, but I need help in adding Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics into this paper on the Environment.  I have attached my paper.  Can you assist?

 

Final Paper instructions

Remember that your first paragraph must contain a clear thesis statement as in the assignments from Weeks One and Three. In the body of your paper, examine the issue by discussing how three of the ethical theories presented in this course could be used to answer the particular question you have formulated. Use the core principles of each of these theories to support your discussion. Complete your paper by identifying which ethical theory you think provides the most satisfactory moral answer to your question, or the theory that provides the least satisfactory answer to your question. You should create a list of strengths and weaknesses for each of the theories as applied to your question to assist you with this task. However, you should not merely present the strengths and weaknesses of each theory but must argue that one theory is better or worse than the others in this case. Remember that each paragraph in your body must begin with a topic sentence that clearly identifies the main idea of the paragraph. Your paper should be 1500 to 2000 words (not including the words on the title and reference pages) in length. This means that you should devote approximately 300 words to each of the ethical theories, and 300 words to supporting your argument for which theory works best or worst.

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First is the definition of environment. Environment is defined as all the surrounding of living organism which consists of natural forces and also other living organism that provides provision for progress and growth as well as the damages and dangers. (Taylor, P. W2010).

                                   Importance of respecting our environment according to our lifestyle. 

One and the most important ethics of environment are to guarantee the excellent affiliation linking the creature and the environment. It is so importance and responsibility of human being to have a good care of the environment since with the absence of this there might result a direct and indirect impact. Environmental ethics will investigate improperly pollution, property ruin and never to forget the most importance which is misuse of land. (Taylor, P. W2010) The above is well described as to why we should dispose all waste material which are not useful to man found on our surrounding. The reason why human being is supposed to take care of the environment is well explained in the below assay. First and foremost is to know the importance factors that lead to pollution. We as human being dispose the waste product in search a way that it causes pollution. Some of the things that we must not do so as to avoid pollution are well discussed below.

One of the main intimidations which is faced by our environment today is environmental pollution, increasing with every passing year and causing grave and severe injure to the environment. The mechanization of society, the urbanization, opening of mechanical vehicles, and the outburst of the human inhabitants have caused an exponential enlargement in the augment of waste by-products. The unsystematic release of raw industrial and household wastes into river commonly known as the  , the "throwaway" approach towards thousands of masses of solid misuse and other particulates into the environment have resulted in foremost ecological adversity. This one cause what is called environmental pollution and before we continue with this lets first define what environmental pollution is since this is the main thesis that we are going to discus in this essay. Environmental pollution is defined as any release of objects or energy into land, water or even that causes or may cause severe ( known as short-term) or persistent ( know as long-term) harm to the ecological factors of the earth  balance or that lowers the value of life in the surroundings. Burning of dissimilar kinds of fuel. (Taylor, P. W2010)

Pollution takes place in dissimilar types which are water, air, soil, radioactive, heat, noise / thermal and light. Each form of pollution has two foundation of incidence which is the point and the non-point resource. The point sources are so easy when it comes to identification, observation and manage, while the non-point sources are so hard when it comes to be in charge of.  Let us talk about the diverse category of pollutions, their cause and their harms on mankind and the environment entirely (Borowitzka, M2010).

 

1. Air pollution is caused by the damaging of smoke which is released by vehicle, stacks of power foliage, oven and incinerators and industrial unit which are carbon monoxide sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The release from vehicles is predictable to be accountable for more or less 60% of all air contamination alone. The smoke found in the burning timber, manure and cigarettes is also detrimental to the environment resulting to a lot of injure to man as well as the atmosphere. The causes of air contamination are obvious too. Release of sulphur dioxide and dangerous gases into the air results into global warming and acidic rain; which on the other side have augmented temperatures, unpredictable rains and deficiency globally making it hard for the animals and human beings to endure. We respire in each contaminated element from the air; consequence is augment in cancer and asthma in the lungs (Borowitzka, M2010).

 

                                                            2. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC).

This one is released from air-conditioners, refrigerators, deodorants and insect repellents which   cause rigorous harm to the Earth’s environment. This gas has gradually injured the atmosphere and exhausted the ozone layer which leads to global or worldwide warming.

3. The Use of Paints and enamel: The use of paint, finish, vaporizer sprays and also other solvents has been ordinary carried out at the present time. This also results to generation of dangerous off-gassing and the unneeded gas from things like paint and artificial manufacture which infect normal air causing irritation.

4. Military Practices: a variety of military weapons and tool resembling nuclear weapons, arms, rockets, deadly gases, bacteria rivalry etc used for defense and tactical principle have also add into  air pollution. .Borowitzka, M2010).

5. Industrial misuse Effluents: a lot of chemical which are connected and developed industries like , oil refineries, , fertilizers, leather tanneries, petrochemical, textile, rubber products, paper pulp and agrochemicals are constantly producing by-products and misuse effluents along with their preferred products. This waste product is in the form of waste heat, solid, smoke or waste water effluents. These contains  untreated chemicals counting to extremely toxic artificial organic compounds and heavy metals i.e. Cr,Cd and Pb, oils, lubricant, mineral acids. These may consequence in infectivity of mutually surface and earth water. Sadly, many manufacturing discharge their waste products straight into rivers or let them escape into the groundwater since increasing water pollution. These chemicals are toxic or deadly to plants, animals as well as the human being.

6. Pesticides: These are natural and lifeless chemicals initially imaginary and used efficiently for the control of unwanted insects and structure of life like pests, bacteria and foraging insects. Their helpfulness, though, has caused substantial pollution. The unrelenting or hard pesticides, which are comparatively motionless and non-degradable by chemical or biologic commotion, are too bio-accumulative; and this is the reason why they are preserving inside the body of the overwhelming individual. The drainage water from the undeveloped land (everywhere pesticides are being used) frequently include pesticides and contaminate water system not merely at surface level but also at ground level owing to leakage of pesticide. (Samet, J2010).

7. Solid waste. Amongst the main important environmental problems, one is the huge volume of solid waste being created every day but not well disposed appropriately. The misconduct of the solid waste, mainly the polythene shopping bag has resulted to serious danger to the soil. The most widespread and convenient method of disposing of municipal solid wastes is in the sanitary landfill present greater environmental peril. In the landfills, non-biodegradable equipment like synthetic bottles, Styrofoam and also cans can linger covered and unbroken for thousands of years, discharging chemicals into the ground over the years. Groundwater penetration and infectivity of soil with deadly chemicals is the consequence.

8. Mineral exploitation. Environmentally unsociable mineral use practices and scrip removal for minerals coal and gases treasury lays waste thousands of acres of land every year, removing the Earth and subjecting the mined area to extensive corrosion evils. Soil erosion not only damages the Earth for unindustrialized and other uses, but also adds to the suspended-solids load of the channel. This augment impede with the environmental locale and pretense silting troubles in steering canal, inhibiting the profitable use of these waters.

9. Burning fossil fuels. After the manufacturing age, transport has turn into a key part of our life. Cars and heavy duty trucks, shipping vessels, trains and also airplanes all blaze lots of relic fuels to labor. Release from automobile engines encloses mutually primary and secondary impurity. This is a main cause of pollution, and one that is very tricky to direct. This is for the reason that human relies a lot on vehicles and engines for caring people, good and other services.

Fumes from car fatigue contain treacherous gases like carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and particulates. On their possess, they result into immense harm to people who inhale them. In addition, they respond with environmental gases so as to make additional toxic gases. (Samet, J2010).

The results of air pollution on humans are fairly harsh. It is measured the major cause of ever increasing cases of respiratory system evils and illness, like asthma and cancer. As for the results of water pollution, these comprise of a great number of water-borne diseases, estimated from diarrhea and also vomiting to gastroenteritis and also typhoid. Serious metals, pesticides, and other like contaminants can also influence our body. They can cause hormonal troubles and even injure our nervous structure. Pesticides go into our body through the food items that we eat, especially those which are developed in polluted soil. The health danger linked with consumption of fruits or vegetables grown in contaminated soil include constant headaches, nausea, and solemn injure to the brain, liver. (Samet, J2010). Likewise, the effects of noise pollution comprise of hearing tribulations, sleep commotion, and cerebral sickness. The above discussion show what cause pollution to our environment and also the effect of pollution in the environment.  This one is clear indication as to why we as human must take care of our environment so as to avoid the result of pollution which is so hazardous to the entire nation.

To conclude on this, it’s high time we recognize the detail that we are the ones who are accountable for this chaos, and being the most intellectual species, the burden is on us to take the proposal to hoard our planet. The need of the hour is to get into a damage-control manner to save the surroundings. That, though, is only probable when we understand that the pollution of a variety of biological and substantial mechanism of environment is upsetting us and intimidating our survival. (Samet, J2010).

                                                                         Reference:

 

 Taylor, P. W. (2010). Respect for nature: A theory of environmental ethics. Princeton University Press.

Borowitzka, M. A. (2010). Intertidal algal species diversity and the effect of pollution. Marine and Freshwater Research, 23(2), 73-84.

Samet, J., Zeger, S., Kelsall, J., Xu, J., & Kalkstein, L. (2010). Does weather confound or modify the association of particulate air pollution with mortality?: an analysis of the Philadelphia data, 1973–1980. Environmental Research, 77(1), 9-19.