cc_assessment_se_g10_02.pdf
write an informative essay on adaptations made by wildlife in Australia.Find step 3 in the file to find your sources ; Australian fauna , New to Australia.
please don't say "in this passage i'll show you....... "
remember to have an
-intro
-body paragraph(3)
-conclusion
please use the sources but also speak your mind
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Great Adaptations
UNIT 2:
Informative Essay
33
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
PERFORM
THE TASK
Write an informative essay
on adaptations made by
wildlife in Australia.
PRACTICE
THE TASK
Write an informative essay
about deep-sea creatures.
ANALYZE
THE MODELS
Evaluate two informative
essays. The first is about
the albatross and the
cormorant, and the second
is about winged lizards.
A
n informative essay, also called an expository
essay, is a short work of nonfiction that informs
and explains. Unlike fiction, nonfiction is mainly
written to convey factual information, although writers
of nonfiction shape information in a way that matches
their own purposes. Nonfiction writing can be found in
newspaper, magazine, and online articles, as well as in
biographies, speeches, movi
e and book reviews, and
truelife adventure stories.
The nonfiction topics that you will read about in this
unit describe animals in ve
ry different environments.
The information in the sources is factual.
IN THIS UNIT,
you will analyze information from two
articles on native and invasive new animals in Australia.
You will select and organize relevant facts and ideas
to convey information about a topic, and you will
end your essay by summarizing ideas or providing a
concluding statement.
UNIT 2
Informative Essay
34
ANALYZE THE MODEL
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You will read:
▶
▶
AN I
N
f
orm
A
t
I
o
N
A
l
A
r
t
I
C
l
E
Don’t Start Without a Plan
You will analyze:
▶
▶
t
W
o
S
t
U
DEN
t
m
o
D
E
l
S
Two Water Birds: The Albatross and
the Cormorant
Winged Lizards
How have birds and lizards adapted
to their environments?
Unit 2: Informative Essay
35
DO NOT EDIT--Changes must be made through “File info”
CorrectionKey=A
1. Analyze
2. Practice
3. Perform
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Source Materials for Step 1
Mr. Sullivan’s students read the following text to help them plan and write an
informative essay. As you read, underline information that you find useful.
Don’t Start Without
a Plan
You probably have already had challenging writing assignments
that required you to research, then plan and write an informative
essay. Whether the subject is a science, history, or another
nonfiction topic, you need to decide in advance how you will
organize your information and present it effectively. Don’t just
start
somewhere
and keep on writing until you have met the page
requirement.
When you write an informative essay, the parts should
relate
to each other in a clear way to support your topic. A framework for
writing can help you focus and manage information and ideas.
Framework for an Informative Essay
Introduction
Hook your reader’s interest and clearly identify your subject.
Make your topic and main point clear.
Body
Discuss each main idea in one or more paragraphs and support
each main idea with facts, examples, and quotations.
Conclusion
Bring your essay to a close by tying your ideas together.
Summarize or restate your main idea(s) or draw conclusions.
Developing Your Topic
When you develop ideas in the body of your essay, you may
want to use a text structure such as comparison and contrast to
organize information. If you use comparison and contrast, you can
follow two different types of organization:
NOTES
36
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Discuss and Decide
What descriptive details would likely be included in the essay on colleges and
universities?
1. Point-by-Point
If you follow this structure, the body of your essay will
have a paragraph comparing or contrasting the student body of small colleges
and large universities, followed by paragraphs comparing and contrasting the
other two topics.
Topic
Small College
Large University
Discuss the first point of
comparison or contrast
for both small colleges
and large universities,
then move on to the
second point.
1. Student Body
2. Class Size
3. Organizations
2. Subject-by-Subject
If you use this organizational structure, your essay
will have one or two paragraphs discussing the student body, class size, and
organizations within small colleges, followed by one or two paragraphs
discussing those same three topics as they relate to large universities. Discuss
all the points about small colleges before moving on to large universities.
Topic
Student Body
Class Size
Organizations
1. Small College
2. Large University
You may also want to use
narrative description
to develop aspects of your topic.
Narrative description is about real people, events, or procedures. You can use
narrative description to provide an account of historical events or to add detail
to a scientific procedure. General descriptions won’t help your reader see your
subject. Use concrete sensory details expressed with precise and vivid nouns,
verbs, and modifiers. Use the following structures to organize your descriptions.
Organizing Description
Chronological Order
Order of Importance
Describe details in the order in which
they occur, especially in descriptions
of events.
Start with the most important detail
and work toward the least important,
or vice versa.
Unit 2: Informative Essay
37
1. Analyze
2. Practice
3. Perform
The intro sets
up what you are
comparing and
contrasting.
“On the other hand”
is a good phrase to
indicate a contrast.
You back up your
claims with valid
reasons.
Analyze Two Student Models for Step 1
Luis used comparison-contrast to
develop the content of his essay.
Read his essay closely. The red side
notes are comments made by his
teacher, Mr. Sullivan.
Luis Medina
Mr. Sullivan, English
December 3
Two Water Birds:
The
Albatross
and
the
Cormorant
The albatross and the cormorant are two birds that spend their
time in, on, and over the water. While both are winged creatures,
their physical makeups are different. Each bird is designed to be
better suited for its environment and survival tasks.
For example, albatrosses, with their huge wingspan (the biggest
of any bird—up to eleven or twelve feet wide) are rarely seen on
land. They spend most of their lives far out to sea, riding the air
currents or, when there is not enough wind, sitting on the surface
of the water. Cormorants, on the other hand, are coastal birds that
never venture too far from land. Because their feathers are not
waterproof, they need to get dry after spending time in the water
diving for food. You will often see a group of cormorants sitting on
a dock or rocky pier with their wings outstretched, drying out.
The albatross is for the most part a solitary creature. It only gets
together with others during breeding season, on remote islands out
at sea. The female lays one egg per year; after the chick learns to
f ly, it heads out to sea and doesn’t return to land until it is ready to
Topic
Albatross
Cormorant
1. Habitat
Lives far out at sea.
Never ventures too
far from land.
2. Behavior
Solitary.
Social.
3. Special Adaptations
Adapted for life on
and over the sea.
Adapted to hunt
underwater.
Luis’s Model
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38
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Discuss and Decide
Did the structure of Luis’s model follow the text structure described in the
source material? Explain.
Bones are a good
comparison point,
especially because
you compare
more than just
the albatross and
cormorant here.
breed, five to ten years later. Cormorants are almost the opposite.
They are very social—feeding, traveling, and roosting in groups.
The chicks in a cormorant colony are also social; they spend the day
together in a “crèche,”
1
returning to their own nests for food.
The albatross is adapted for life on and over the sea. Because
it spends so much time far from land, it drinks seawater, using
a special gland located above the eyes to lower the water’s salt
content. Thanks to several adaptations, an albatross can ride ocean
air currents for hours without once f lapping its wings. For example,
special tubes in its nostrils measure airspeed; a locking mechanism
in the shoulder means it doesn’t need to use any muscles (or energy)
to keep its wings extended.
Meanwhile, cormorants have evolved to be speedy and agile
underwater hunters. The bones of most birds are hollow, but a
cormorant’s are solid so it can more easily dive down and stay
submerged. Its short, muscular wings help it to “f ly” underwater. It
can adapt its focus for both above and underwater vision.
As the saying goes, “To each his own.” Albatrosses and
cormorants each have evolved the physical and behavioral traits
they need to survive and succeed.
1
crèche:
a group of young animals gathered together in one place, where adult
animals can care for and protect them
A cormorant takes advantage
of a raft to scout for food.
Unit 2: Informative Essay
39
Answers
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