The correlation between scores on a measure of hostility and age at death is -.64. We could conclude from this correlation coefficient that people who have

1. (a) high hostility scores tend to live longer
2. (b) low hostility scores tend to die younger
3. (c) high hostility scores tend to die younger
4. (d) low hostility scores die 64 percent sooner than those with high hostility scores 

 

What element would make for an adequate test of the hypothesized relationship between child abuse and dissociative disorder?

1. (a) retrospective analysis
2. (b) prospective research with objective measures
3. (c) accurate prevalence rates for child sexual abuse
4. (d) intensive case studies of patients with dissociative identity disorder 

 

Relaxation training for patients with high blood pressure is an example of

1. (a) treatment of coronary heart disease
2. (b) primary prevention of coronary heart disease
3. (c) secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
4. (d) tertiary prevention of coronary heart disease 

 

 

You are designing a research study to test the effectiveness of a new type of treatment program for alcohol use disorder, and you want to be able to assess changes in your subjects' craving for alcohol. Which of the following would be the best index of their craving?

1. (a) the amount of alcohol they drink
2. (b) the discomfort they experience when they don't drink
3. (c) their need to increase the amount that they drink
4. (d) the amount of time they spend planning to drink

 

 

When a heavy drinker stops drinking alcohol, what happens to his biological system that causes withdrawal symptoms?

1. (a) it is deprived of essential vitamins
2. (b) it has become psychologically dependent
3. (c) it rebounds after functioning in a chronically depressed state
4. (d) it rebounds after functioning in a chronically stimulated state 

 

Which category of drugs is made up of those used to treat anxiety disorders and sleeping problems?

1. (a) opiates
2. (b) stimulants
3. (c) benzodiazepines
4. (d) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 

 

 

Question 70.

What evidence led developers of DSM-5 to remove the distinction between substance abuse and substance dependence?

1. (a) substance abuse was moved to the impulse control disorders section
2. (b) substance abuse was removed because abusers do not suffer serious impairment
3. (c) people who abuse substances are always dependent on substances
4. (d) evidence suggests dependence and abuse are not clearly distinct forms of
5. disorder 

 

 

Traditional learning theory has held that people drink because

1. (a) parents model drinking behaviour
2. (b) drinking is reinforced by stress reduction
3. (c) abstinence is punished through social disapproval
4. (d) drinking is on an intermittent reinforcement schedule 

 

 

Question 92.

Neurofibrillary tangles, which are typically found in patients with Alzheimer's disease,

1. (a) are unique to that disease and allow for definite diagnosis
2. (b) are also found in adults with other neurocognitive disorders
3. (c) have not yet been identified
4. (d) do not appear until the advanced stages of the disease 

 

Which of the following is a criterion for diagnosing oppositional defiant disorder, according to DSM-5?

1. (a) often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed
2. (b) often argues with authority figures or, for children and adolescents, argues with
3. adults
4. (c) has committed at least two index offenses
5. (d) (a), (b) and (c) are all correct 

 

 

Which of the following describes the temperaments classified by Chess and Thomas as slow-to-warm-up?

1. (a) distant and unfriendly
2. (b) unpredictable and challenging
3. (c) friendly and compliant
4. (d) shy and withdrawn