Would like some help writing this essay. On adult developmental stages and conducting your own brief research project can help to educate yourself and in turn help you to educate others, thereby reducing ignorance about conditions that affect many aging people. The more that people understand adult development, the less bias and social hardships these individuals will experience.

Adult Psychology Class require evidence of the learner being able to write an APA paper. To this end, as a part of this class, you will write a 1500 - 2000 research paper in APA format. This is a formal assignment, meaning that formal rules of English and grammar must be applied. Ideally, your paper will be prepared using MS Word Ericksons Stages

ERIK ERIKSON 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erik Erikson 1902-1994 Born in Frankfurt to Danish parents
Abandoned prior to birth by father
Step-dad-Jewish Pediatrician
Uncertain about identity in youth
No advanced degree
Trained under Anna Freud-child analyst 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Theory
For Erikson,
the most important force driving
human behavior and the development
of personality was social interaction. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology “Eight Stages of Man" was unique in that it
covered the entire lifespan rather than
childhood and adolescent development. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Theory
The individual is provided with a
"sensitive period" in which to successfully
resolve each crisis before a new crisis is
presented. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Theory
The results of the resolution, whether
successful or not, are carried forward
to the next crisis and provide the
foundation for its resolution. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Epigenetic Principle There Is A Natural, Predetermined Order
To Development. Personality growth follows a sequence of
inner, predetermined laws. Each person develops through a sequence of
stages that emerge in accordance with this
preset plan. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology At each stage a person is confronted with a
CRISIS that must be resolved.
Each crisis is represented by a healthy
versus an unhealthy resolution that can be
represented as polar opposites on a
straight line.
Trust-------------------------------------Mistrust 06/11/17 Adult Psychology A person’s social environment has an
extremely important effect on how each
crisis is resolved, but it does not determine
the order in which stages emerge! 06/11/17 Adult Psychology The epigenetic principle states that:
…there is a universal, biologically
determined conception of what a healthy
personality is. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology The stages are sequential but they are NOT
HIERARCHICAL.
Each new stage emerges according to the
predetermined biological plan irrespective of
how successful the resolution of the previous
stage was. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
1
Trust vs.
Mistrust Infancy 1. Trust vs. Mistrust
0-1 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Child develops
a belief that the
environment
can be counted
on to meet his
or her basic
physiological
and social
needs. Trust vs Mistrust - Infancy 06/11/17 GOAL: successful nursing, peaceful
warmth, comfortable exertion –
HEALTHY BONDING – feelings of trust
& hope Disruption: feeling mistrust &
abandonment-insecurity, suspicion of
environment-world cannot be trusted
Adult Psychology Significant relations: Mother Psychosocial modalities To get and to give in return 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency
(too much Trust not enough Mistrust)
Sensory maladjustment Malignant Tendency (too much Mistrust not enough Trust) Withdrawal Virtue –hope (a good balance) 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
Child learns what
he/she can control
Autonomy vs.
and develops a
Shame &
sense of free will
Doubt
Toddlerhood
and corresponding
2. Autonomy vs. Shame sense of regret and
2-3
sorrow for
inappropriate use
of self-control.
2 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt 06/11/17 GOAL: child have control over body –
toilet training – successful difference
between right & wrong, control over
impulses
Disruption: if overcontrolled & punitivenegative self-image. I am bad, I can never
succeed
Adult Psychology Significant relations: Parents Psychosocial modalities To hold onto to let go 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (too much autonomy not
enough shame) Impulsiveness Malignant Tendency (too much shame not enough
autonomy) Compulsiveness Virtue -Willpower 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
3
Initiative vs.
Guilt Early Childhood 3. Initiative vs. Guilt
3-6
06/11/17 Adult Psychology Child learns to
begin action, to
explore, to
imagine as well
as feeling
remorse for
actions. Initiative vs Guilt 06/11/17 GOAL: to plan and carry out actions &
get along with peers as autonomous &
independent person – Preschool
Disruption: fear of pursuing of goals in
life-inability to make decisions, lack of
initiative taking- poor risk taking-low
self-confidence
Adult Psychology Significant relations: Family Psychosocial modalities To go after to play 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (too much Initiative not enough
Guilt) Malignant Tendency (too much Guilt not enough Initiative) Ruthlessness Inhibition Virtue -Purpose 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
4
Industry vs.
Inferiority Middle
Childhood 4. Industry vs. Inferiority
6-12 (approx.) 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Child learns to
do things well
or correctly in
comparison to a
standard or to
others Industry vs Inferiority 06/11/17 GOAL: derive pleasure & satisfaction
from completion of tasks – GrammarMiddle school – Success- Problem solver
& pride in accomplishment - competent
Disruption: feelings of inferior, unable to
accomplish, incompetent, not as good as
peers
Adult Psychology Significant relations: Neighborhood and school Psychosocial modalities To compete, to make things togethe 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (too much Industry not enough Inferiority) Narrow virtuosity
Malignant Tendency (too much Inferiority not enough Industry) Inertia
Virtue-Competency 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
5 Develops a sense of
self in relationship
Adolescence to others and to
own internal
thoughts and
5. Identity vs. Role
desires
Diffusion
• social
12-18 (approx.)
identity
• personal
06/11/17
Adult Psychology
identity
Identity vs.
Role Confusion Significant relations: Peer groups and role models Psychosocial modalities To be oneself, to share oneself 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency Ego Identity/role
confusion Fanaticism
Malignant Tendency role confusion/Identity Repudiation Virtue-Fidelity 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
6
Intimacy vs.
Isolation Young
Adulthood 6. Intimacy vs.
Isolation
20s 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Develops ability to
give and receive
love; begins to make
long-term
commitment to
relationships Intimacy vs Isolation 06/11/17 GOAL: to learn interacting on deeper level,
revealing Self to others, find companionship
with similar others, love relationship with
partner
Disruption: inability to create strong social ties,
loss self in isolation & loneliness, becomes a
loner or superficial
Adult Psychology Significant relations: Partners and friends Psychosocial modalities 06/11/17 To lose and find oneself in another Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (Too much Intimacy/ Not enough
Isolation) Promiscuity Malignant Tendency (Too much Isolation/ Not enough
Intimacy) Exclusion Virtue-Love 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
7
Generativity vs.
Stagnation
Middle
Adulthood 7. Generativity vs.
Stagnation
Adulthood 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Develops
interest in
guiding the
development of
the next
generation Generativity vs Stagnation GOAL: value giving self to others-form
bearing & raising children-community
service-give back to world-ensure success of
future generations
Disruption: feelings that life is worthless &
boring-life is meaningless-not enjoying
worldly success 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Significant relations: Household and workmates Psychosocial modalities To make be, to take care of 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (Too much Generativity/
Not enough Stagnation) Overextension Malignant Tendency (Too much Stagnation/ Not
enough Generativity) Rejectivity Virtue-Caring 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Erikson’s Eight Stages
8 Egointegrity
vs.
Later
Despair Adulthood
8. Integrity vs. Despair
Old age 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Develops a sense
of acceptance of
life as it was lived
and the
importance of the
people and
relationships that
individual
developed over
the lifespan Ego Integrity vs Despair GOAL: in old age-derive wisdom from
life experiences-look back on life see
meaning, order & integrity-pleasant
reflections-present pursuitsDisruption: sense of despair: I have not
accomplished what I would have liked to
in life-it now is too late to do anything
about it
06/11/17 Adult Psychology Significant relations: Mankind or “my kind” Psychosocial modalities To be through having been, to face not
being. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology Maladaptive Tendency (Too much Ego Identity/ Not
enough Dispair) Presumption Malignant Tendency (Too much Dispair/ Not enough
Ego Identity) Disdain
Virtue-Wisdom 06/11/17 Adult Psychology 06/11/17 REVIEW Adult Psychology COMPARISON OF STAGES
FREUD Genital ERIKSON
5. Identity vs. Role Diffusion Latency 4. Industry vs. Inferiority Oedipal 3. Initiative vs. guilt Anal 2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt Oral 1. Trust vs. Mistrust 06/11/17 Adult Psychology ERIKSON’S ADULT STAGES
8. Integrity vs. Despair
7. Generativity vs. Stagnation
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation 06/11/17 Adult Psychology (self-absorption) A major criticism of Erikson’s theory is that it
is based primarily on work done with boys
and men. 06/11/17 Adult Psychology ERIK ERIKSON 06/11/17 Adult Psychology

 

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