We see that according to the behaviorist learning is all about the reinforcement one receives for a behavior. There is both positive and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is rewarding someone for doing a behavior; such as giving someone a dollar for reading a book. Negative reinforcement is subtracting or removing something aversive or withholding something of value to increase a response. For example, a parent may take away a toy until a child picks up his room, or withhold payment until a job is complete. If you have a headache and take an aspirin and the headache goes away, the next time you have a headache you will take aspirin; this is another example of negative reinforcement. There is more to learning than associating a response with a consequence. There is cognition. Cognition presents problems with the concepts Skinner developed. One of these is over justification. What do you think over justification refer to?