I need to reply to a fellow student's discussion thread. Here is the instruction and the student's post.

Please help me respond in at least 200 words using the attached references in the response.

Requirements for Replies to Other Threads:

• At least two of the four posts required should be in the form of replies to fellow classmates in threads other than your own.
• Each of your replies should be at least 200 words and informed by the required course material. As such, the replies must have citations and references in APA notation. Your list of references for each reply should include all of the course material that has informed your reply, in addition to any research that you have obtained on your own.
• Your replies should focus on the specific examination presented by your fellow student and these should include an examination of whether or not the characteristics of the ethical theory and/or economic system were identified well, and whether or not their application and analysis were also carried out successfully. Providing such an examination is not an attack on your fellow student but an attempt to work together with your fellow student toward the better understanding of the ethical theories employed, as well as their application.

Student Discussion Post

Start your post by (a) identifying the issue or problem that you want to address in the case that you have selected and providing an impartial presentation of the controversy, (b) articulating briefly the characteristics of the economic system that serves as the setting, and (c) examining the laws that affect the operations of the business.

The Problem: Many Americans are unaware of farming methods used and the variety of animal cruelty and neglect taking place in the farming industry. Specifically, the Purdue Chicken factory where Chickens are hatched, raised-up and slaughtered for human consumption. Purdue farming business operates under a Capitalism economic system where the business is operated and owned by the farmers in which they are in competition with others farmers to maintain a living. As seen in the video Chicken factory farmer speaks out, CompassionUSA (2014), Purdue farming owners make the smallest investments possible capitalizing on their personal self-interest for personal gain. For example, chickens are hatched and raised inside small confined spaces not outdoors in open fenced facilities.  The chickens sit in their own feces, trample on each other and many die due to heath and poor living conditions all to produce and sell chickens in mass quantity for human consumption. Currently there are no federal legislation regulating the conditions in which animals are raised and cared for on farms.

In a second paragraph, formulate a sentence that presents the moral position that you want to defend in regard to the issue or problem introduced in the previous paragraph. In the same paragraph, present the ethical theory that you choose to employ. Your choices are utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics, and the necessary material is included in the required readings and media. Make sure to identify the characteristics of the ethical theory, and include in-text citations and full references in APA form at the end of the post. Once you have done this, apply the ethical theory to your selected case by explaining how it lends itself to the moral position that you are defending.

Farming animals should be cared for and treated with the same moral equality and respect as humans. Singer (1989) refers to the good as the principle of equality which is equality of consideration; and equal consideration for different beings may lead to different treatment and different rights, referring to human and non-humans (Singer, 1989). If you treat animals with respect it brings happiness and pleasure to them. Utilitarianism holds that the right thing to do in a particular instance depends on what you get out of the action. What ultimately makes the decision whether something is right or wrong is a matter of the consequences of that act. Utilitarianism thinks that the right thing to do depends on how much happiness it brings into the world. For Utilitarianism, the right thing to do is the one that maximizes happiness (or minimizes suffering) for all involved (Mills, 2015). Singer (1989) explains the basic principle of equality is equality of consideration; and equal consideration for different beings may lead to different treatment and different rights (Singer, 1989). Meaning that humans should extend to non-humans (animals) the same equality of consideration that we extend to the human race. Although this seems far-fetched, Singer reminds of other equality movements such as the Black Liberation movement which demanded the end to prejudice and race discrimination (Singer, 1989). I don’t think Singer is arguing that animals have the same rights as humans. Singer points to moral equality between humans and animals and that they must be treated equal. Singer also claims that humans have different qualities, physical and mental capabilities and that each human is to be given equal consideration. Because each human and non-human can experience pain as well as happiness, Singer claims that most humans do not take animal sufferings into consideration such as consumption for food and experimentation at the expense of personal fulfillment, satisfaction and because it taste good (Singer, 1989).  Regan (1985) notes, “Our current system treats animals as resources to be used for human purposes” (para 4). We have a moral obligation not to inflict unnecessary harm and pain to animals at the expenses of our consumption. I personally do not agree with Singer that animals should be treated equal to humans. Humans are mortal beings and are morally distinguished from Animals. Animals are any such living things other than a human. It’s absurd to think that we should treat animals the same as humans. Animals were made by God and some were made for consumption. Those species who are part of the human species should be treated with equal moral considerations. Non humans (animals) should not be treated the same as humans. Equal moral considerations can hardly be maintained in the human society and since animals are viewed in my mind as less superior to humans their interest and moral consideration is of much lesser value to humans. According to Animal Equality (2017),  “There are over 56 billion farmed animals killed every year by humans, these estimates do not include fish and other sea creatures whose deaths are so great they are only measured in tons” (pp. 1).  Morally right or wrong, we would not have the technology today in science and healthcare if we did not use animals for experimentation. I do believe morally that animals have rights like humans however, I do not feel they are equal to humans and should be treated the same.

References:

Animal Equality. (2017). Food.  Retrieved from http://www.animalequality.net/food

CompassionUSA. (2014, December 3). Chicken factory farmer speaks out [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/YE9l94b3x9U

Mill, J. S. (2015). Utilitarianism. In J. Bennett (Ed. & Rev.), Early Modern Philosophy. Retrieved from http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/mill1863.pdf

Regan, T. (1985). The case for animal rights. In P. Singer (Ed.), In defense of animals (pp. 13-26). Retrieved from http://www.animal-rights-library.com/texts-m/regan03.htm

Singer, P. (1989). All animals are equal. In T. Regan & P. Singer (Eds.), Animal rights and human obligations (pp. 148-162). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Retrieved from http://spot.colorado.edu/~heathwoo/phil1200,Spr07/singer.pdf

References/Resources - I need to respond using one or more references to this list:

Required Resources: Factory Farming (Perdue Farms)

Text

• Fieser, J. (2015). Introduction to business ethics [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/Chapter 2: CapitalismRead only the Media Feature titled Capitalism: Perdue located in Section 2.1, at the end of the Capitalism subheading.

Articles

• Friedman, M. (1970, September 13). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. New York Times Magazine. Retrieved from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0073524697/910345/Appendices.pdfFriedman presents a two-part clarification of what we may understand as social responsibility. The first part states that the responsibility of business is to its shareholders by using its resources to increase profits. Most stop here and assume that Friedman is advocating an ethics of egoism. But the important second part is that Friedman argues that business must be bound by the law and rules of honesty and decency toward others.
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• Regan, T. (1985). The case for animal rights. In P. Singer (Ed.), In defense of animals (pp. 13-26). Retrieved from http://www.animal-rights-library.com/texts-m/regan03.htmThis article presents Regan’s argument for animal rights.
• Singer, P. (1989). All animals are equal. In T. Regan & P. Singer (Eds.), Animal rights and human obligations (pp. 148-162). Retrieved from http://spot.colorado.edu/~heathwoo/phil1200%2CSpr07/singer.pdfPeter Singer presents the argument for extending the principle of equality to all species.
• Solotaroff, P. (2013. December 10). In the belly of the beast. Rolling Stone. Retrieved from http://www.rollingstone.com/feature/belly-beast-meat-factory-farms-animal-activistsThis is an investigative report on the state of animals in factory farms.
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• Stathopoulos, A. S. (2010). You are what your food eats: How regulation of factory farm conditions could improve human health and animal welfare alike. Legislation and Public Policy, 13, 407-444. Retrieved from http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Anastasia-S.-Stathopoulos-You-Are-What-Your-Food-Eats-How-Regulation-of-Factory-Farm-Conditions-Could-Improve-Human-Health-and-Animal-Welfare-Alike.pdfThis is an in-depth analysis of factory farm conditions and their effects on human and non-human animal welfare.

Multimedia

• CompassionUSA. (2014, December 3). Chicken factory farmer speaks out [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/YE9l94b3x9UChicken farmer opens his farm that is run by Perdue in order to share the realities of raising chicken according to the contractual arrangements with Perdue. Transcript
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• deWaal, F. (2011, November). Frans de Waal: Moral behavior in animals [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/talks/frans_de_waal_do_animals_have_morals#t-390893This is a video of a presentation that illustrates cases of observed moral behavior in non-human animals.
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• easyaspeace. (2008, April 7). Tom Regan: A case for animal rights [Video file] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5RRLBC1S3wProfessor Regan presents the argument that animals have rights. Transcript
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• Ebert, R. [Rainer Ebert]. (2016, November 12). Professor Carl Cohen: Why animals do not have rights [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGY8fPSeow4&t=724sProfessor Cohen presents the argument that animals do not have rights. Transcript
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• WilliamsCollege. (2009, December 14). Peter Singer: “The ethics of what we eat” [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/UHzwqf_JkrAThis video is a presentation of Peter Singer’s ethical argument addressing eating as an ethical issue. Transcript
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