Type in your name here: Worth 10 pts. Grading Rubric: Requirement Points 1 0.6 This project covers material in chapters 7 and 8. Please make sure you review the support material I have set up in the chapter folders. 2 1 DATA 3 1 ABC, Inc. has been in business 2 years and the president does not understand how in the 2nd year the income would be higher after they sold the same amount of units. 4 0.5 Below are the income statements for the first two years of operations. 5 0.9 Absorption Costing Income Statement 6 1 Year 1 Year 2 7 0.5 Sales $640,000 $640,000 8 0.5 Less: Cost of good sold 460,000 420,000 9 1 Gross Margin 180,000 220,000 10 0.5 Selling and administrative expenses: 11 0.5 Variable 20,000 20,000 12 1 Fixed 70,000 70,000 13 1 Net income 90,000 130,000 10 Below is the production and sales information for the first 2 years: Year 1 Year 2 Production in units 20,000 25,000 Sales in units 20,000 20,000 Sales price per unit $32 $32 Direct material per unit $7 $7 Direct labor per unit $4 $4 Variable manufacturing overhead per unit $2 $2 Variable selling and administrative expense per unit sold $1 $1 Fixed manufacturing overhead costs(Total) $200,000 $200,000 Fixed Selling and Administrative costs (Total) $70,000 $70,000 ***ABC, Inc. applies fixed manufacturing overhead costs to its only product on the basis of each year's annual production. Therefore, there is a new fixed manufacturing overhead rate each year. Required: Use the information in the DATA field above using cell referencing to answer the following requirements. 1. Calculate the unit production cost for variable costing for year 1 and year 2. Review Exhibit 8-2 on page 320. 2. Calculate the unit production cost for absorption costing for year 1 and year 2. Review Exhibit 8-2 on page 320. 3. Prepare variable-costing income statements for year 1 and year 2. Review Exhibit 8-3 on page 321. 4. Reconcile the differences in income between absorption and variable costing. Use the information I provided in the absorption income statement, the data, and your answers from 1-3 to complete the table below. I have set up the table using the shortcut reconciliation on page 323. 5. Explain to the President, why there is a difference in the absorption costing income statement from year 1 to year 2 and if the company is actually more profitable. 8. Prepare a variable costing income statement for this company if they sold at breakeven. How do you know that your breakeven income statement is correct? 10. Calculate the operating leverage factor. Reference page 288. 11. What if sales volume increases by 3% how much will income increase in percentage terms? Make sure you have read over the operating leverage material and understand the operating leverage factor that impacts the percentage change in net income when there are changes in sales volume. You should only have to change the direct labor in the data area and all your answers should be updated. Please put the direct labor cost back to the original number once you have answered the question, since this is a what if question and want the answers for 1-11 to be based on the original data. You should only have to change the fixed MOH in the data area and actually all your answers should be updated. Please put the fixed MOH cost back to the original number once you have answered the question, since this is a what if question and want the answers for 1-11 to be based on the original data. Solution: 1. Unit production cost for Variable costing Year 1 Year 2 Total per unit cost 2. Unit production cost for Absorption Costing Year 1 Year 2 Total per unit cost 3. ABC Company Inc. Variable Costing Income statement Year 1 Year 2 Sales Revenue Less: Variable Expenses: Variable manufacturing costs Variable Selling and administrative costs Contribution margin Less: Fixed Expenses: Fixed manufacturing overhead Fixed selling and Administrative expenses Net income 4. Year Predetermined Fixed-Overhead rate Year 1 X = = Year 2 X = = 5. Explanation to President The difference in income is caused because of the increase in production in year 2. For external reporting purposes, a company is allowed to defer recognition of FOH until the units are sold under the matching principle. The company is actually not more profitable in year 2 and if you review the variable costing income statement you will see that net income is the same both years. I would recommend we use variable costing income statement for internal purposes to monitor the profitability of the company, since variable costing expenses off all fixed overhead. 6. Break even in units Units 7. Break even in sales $ Breakeven Income Statement Sales Revenue Less: Variable Expenses: Variable manufacturing costs Variable Selling and administrative costs Contribution margin Less: Fixed Expenses: Fixed manufacturing overhead Fixed selling and Administrative expenses Net income 9. Safety Margin in Dollars On page 290, I realize the author uses budgeted sales revenue in the margin of safety calculation, but if you are given the actual sales revenue you can replace budgeted sales with actual sales, which you should do for #9. What does the margin of safety mean? Be very explicit in your answer, so I know you understand this concept and the importance of it to managers. 10. Calculate the operating leverage . Reference page 288. 11. What if sales volume increases by 3% how much will income increase in percentage terms? Make sure you have read over the operating leverage material and understand the operating leverage factor that impacts the percentage change in net income when there are changes in sales volume. You should only have to change the direct labor in the data area and all your answers should be updated. Please put the direct labor cost back to the original number once you have answered the question? Please put the direct labor cost back to the original number once you have answered the question, since this is a what if question and want the answers for 1-11 to be based on the original data. You should only have to change the fixed MOH in the data area and actually all your answers should be updated. Please put the fixed MOH cost back to the original number once you have answered the question? Please put the fixed MOH cost back to the original number once you have answered the question, since this is a what if question and want the answers for 1-11 to be based on the original data. Project 3 is due by January 21st at 6:15 pm CT. Send via the assignment area and make sure you save your file with first initial of first name and last name. You will be graded on the accuracy of your answer and usage of cell referencing in the DATA area. Total pts. Possible 6. Calculate the breakeven point in units . Reference page 271. 7. Calculate the breakeven point in sales dollars . 9. Calculate the safety margin in dollars . Explain what the margin of safety means in your own words using this project? Reference page 289-290. Be very explicit in your answer, so I know you understand this concept and the importance of it to managers. 12. What if the direct labor cost per unit increases from $4 a unit to $5, what will be the new breakeven in units? Explain why it changed. 13. What if the manufacturing overhead cost decreases from $200,000 to $180,000, what will be the new breakeven in units? Explain why it changed. Change in inventory Difference in Fixed Overhead Expensed Absorption- Costing Income minus Variable- costing income 12. What if the direct labor cost per unit increases from $4 a unit to $5, what will be the new breakeven in units? Explain why it changed. 13. What if the manufacturing overhead cost decreases from $200,000 to $180,000, what will be the new breakeven in units? Explain why it changed.
