Must be original work. In 200 words or more describe how when pump operators apply pressure to water in pre-connect hose lines there is a limit on the amount of water and velocity at which the water will travel through the hose lines. We reference this as friction loss in pump operator courses. Using laminar and turbulent flow explain the concept of the water traveling through the pre-connect hose line. Does the viscosity affect the water flow? Why, or why not?

Course Learning Outcomes for Unit II Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to: 1. Identify physical properties of the three states of matter. 1.1 Explain how the three states of matter are characterized. 1.2 Examine potential and kinetic energy related to the states of matter. 2. Categorize the components of fire. 2.1 Demonstrate heat release during combustion. 2.2 Apply fuel-lean, stoichiometric, and fuel-rich combustion. 4. Describe and apply the process of burning. 4.1 Outline ideal and realistic flame temperatures. Reading Assignment Chapter 3: Physical and Chemical Change Chapter 4: Flow of Fluids Unit Lesson It is challenging to use “pen and ink” to describe fire behavior or combustion. Many can describe the visible appearance of smoke and the light that fire creates. What about the physical and chemical change? Do we truly understand physical and chemical changes in fire behavior or combustion? Do we understand that the outcome of combustion reactions is determined by thermodynamics? Do we understand adiabatic flame temperature? Does this occur as the maximum possible temperature for combustion is reached during flashover? Gann and Friedman (2015) suggested adiabatic flame temperature “is the highest possible temperature for the combustible mixture because all the possible chemical heat is released and all of that heat is applied to raising the temperature of the mixture” (p. 41). In other words, there has to be a correct mixture of fuel and all oxidizers in order to be completely consumed. What is the physical and chemical change regarding fire behavior or combustion? Some would explain the concept by the fire tetrahedron of fuel, oxygen, heat, and the uninhibited chemical reaction that sustains fire. According to the International Fire Service Training Association (IFSTA) (1998): Fire is a rapid chemical reaction that gives off energy and products of combustion that are very different in composition from the fuel and oxygen that combined to produce them. To understand the reaction we call fire, how it grows, and its products of combustion, we need to look at some basic concepts from physical science (p. 33). In other words, there needs to be a chemical change in order to have combustion. What makes up combustion? Is it fire gases? Is it flame? Is it smoke? Corbett and Pharr (2011) suggest that combustion is reaction and oxidation at the molecular level. Merriam-Webster (n.d.) defines combustion as “a chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen combines with other substances to produce heat and usually light” (para. 2).

Attachments:

• 1516711659-Unit II Course Learning Outcomes .pdf