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SCI 115 Unit 1 Milestone Human Biology Sophia Course
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1
Some chemical reactions within cells break down molecules. Others make larger molecules.
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They are all an example of ___________.
·
anabolism
·
metabolism
·
ATP production
·
catabolism
CONCEPT
Metabolism
2
What is the nucleolus?
·
A structure found within the nucleus that produces subunits of ribosomes
·
A cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell
·
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus
·
A condensed form of DNA that occurs when the cell is dividing
CONCEPT
Nucleus
3
What is true about the Krebs cycle?
·
A single turn of the cycle yields two ATP molecules.
·
Two pyruvate molecules enter each turn of the cycle.
·
A two carbon molecule called NADH is produced in the preparatory steps of the Krebs cycle.
·
During the Krebs cycle, carbon dioxide is released, which is exhaled when you breathe.
CONCEPT
Krebs Cycle
4
Which of the following is a component of cell membranes and includes a hydrophilic head, a glycerol backbone and two fatty acid tails?
·
Phospholipids
·
Triglycerides
·
Nucleic acids
·
Fatty acids
CONCEPT
Plasma Membrane
5
Which is a component of cellular respiration?
·
Meiosis
·
Facilitated diffusion
·
Glycolysis
·
ATP breakdown
CONCEPT
Mitochondria
6
A carbohydrate with two sugar units would be a(n) __________.
·
Monosaccharide
·
Oligosaccharide
·
Carbosaccharide
·
Polysaccharide
CONCEPT
Carbohydrates
7
In organisms, which level of organization is made up of tissues?
·
Organs
·
Organ systems
·
Organisms
·
Cells
CONCEPT
Organisms
8
At what level of protein structure do amino acids continue to twist and fold, forming a 3-D shape?
·
Primary
·
Tertiary
·
Secondary
·
Quaternary
CONCEPT
Proteins
9
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Human beings are made up entirely of cells.
·
Not all cells have cytoplasm.
·
For all cells, the nucleus is the control center.
·
The parts that make up cells are themselves living things.
CONCEPT
Cell Theory
10
In which kind of cells is the Golgi body found?
·
Some eukaryotic and some prokaryotic cells
·
Only prokaryotic cells
·
All cells
·
Only eukaryotic cells
CONCEPT
Golgi Body
11
When solute concentration is equal inside and outside of a cell, it is __________.
·
selectively permeable
·
isotonic
·
hypertonic
·
hypotonic
CONCEPT
Osmosis
12
Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?
·
Enzymes can either speed up or slow down chemical reactions in the body.
·
Salivary amylase is an example of an enzyme that breaks down starch.
·
The chemical make-up of an enzyme changes with each time it is used.
·
Enzymes convert products into substrates.
CONCEPT
Enzymes
13
Which of the following contains the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies and the nuclear envelope?
·
The endomembrane system
·
The Golgi apparatus
·
The lymphatic system
·
The rough ER
CONCEPT
Endoplasmic Reticulum
14
Chris is trying to determine whether the brand of coffee he drinks has an impact on his productivity.
Â
Which of the following could be his prediction?Â
·
"I predict that I'll be more productive on days when I drink Coffee A."Â
·
"I notice that I'm more productive on days when I drink Coffee A."
·
"Based on many tests, I realize that Coffee A does not actually boost my productivity."
·
"I propose that Coffee A somehow boosts my productivity."Â
CONCEPT
Scientific Method
15
Which of the following is part of a nucleotide?
·
DNA
·
Amino acid
·
Sugar
·
Proteins
CONCEPT
Nucleic Acids
16
What molecules in the cell membrane help move molecules from a low to a high concentration gradient?
·
Diffusion pumps
·
Transport proteins
·
Vesicles
·
Endocytosis
CONCEPT
Facilitated Diffusion
17
What is the main integrator in the human body?
·
The muscular system
·
The brain
·
The eyes, ears, nose, tongue and touch receptors
·
The spinal cord
CONCEPT
Homeostasis
18
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Glycolysis requires oxygen to happen.
·
Glycolysis breaks a molecule of glucose into two phospholipids.
·
Glycolysis occurs within the rough ER.
·
Glycolysis has a net gain of two ATP.
CONCEPT
Glycolysis
19
What type of lipid is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid side chains?
·
Phospholipid
·
Triglyceride
·
Sterol
·
Saturated fat
CONCEPT
Lipids
20
What is the cytosol?
·
The liquid found inside the cytoplasm that is mostly composed of water
·
A part of the plasma membrane between the two layers of phospholipids
·
A part of the cytoskeleton that helps anchor membrane proteins
·
The protein structure that provides support to the cell
CONCEPT
Cytoplasm
21
Which of the following sources of information is most credible?
·
An unbacked statement from a trusted friend
·
A lecture given by a biology teacher on the first day of class
·
Medical advice given by a nursing intern during an appointment
·
A high school biology textbook written and reviewed by a team of biology professors
CONCEPT
Evaluate Information
22
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules using transport proteins.
·
Diffusion involves the breaking down of dead organelles.
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules in the cytoplasm.
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules into or out of a cell.
CONCEPT
Diffusion
23
What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)?
·
The electron transport chain takes place in the nucleus of the cell.
·
Only products from the Krebs cycle are utilized in the electron transport chain.
·
A build-up of potassium on the inner membrane of the cell causes a gradient which leads to the production of ATP.
·
Most ATP is produced during this step of cellular respiration.
CONCEPT
Electron Transport Chain
1
What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)?
·
The electron transport chain produces the same number of ATP as the Krebs cycle.
·
The largest byproduct of the electron transport chain is carbon dioxide.
·
The electron transport chain takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
·
ATP and water are products of the electron transport chain.
CONCEPT
Electron Transport Chain
2
Some chemical reactions within cells break down molecules. Others make larger molecules.
Â
They are all an example of ___________.
·
ATP production
·
metabolism
·
catabolism
·
anabolism
CONCEPT
Metabolism
3
Which of the following sources of information is most credible?
·
An article in a popular magazine
·
An article in the science section of a local newspaper
·
An article written for the school paper by a science teacher
·
An article in a peer-reviewed journal
CONCEPT
Evaluate Information
4
What is the cytosol?
·
The protein structure that provides support to the cell
·
A part of the cytoskeleton that helps anchor membrane proteins
·
The liquid found inside the cytoplasm that is mostly composed of water
·
A part of the plasma membrane between the two layers of phospholipids
CONCEPT
Cytoplasm
5
What type of lipid is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid side chains?
·
Triglyceride
·
Sterol
·
Saturated fat
·
Phospholipid
CONCEPT
Lipids
6
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Glycolysis has a net gain of two ATP.
·
Glycolysis breaks a molecule of glucose into two phospholipids.
·
Glycolysis requires oxygen to happen.
·
Glycolysis occurs within the rough ER.
CONCEPT
Glycolysis
7
At what level of protein structure do amino acids continue to twist and fold, forming a 3-D shape?
·
Primary
·
Secondary
·
Tertiary
·
Quaternary
CONCEPT
Proteins
8
Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?
·
Enzymes are composed primarily of carbohydrates.
·
Enzymes are single-use proteins that must be regenerated after each reaction.
·
The function of an enzyme is to speed up chemical reactions that occur in your body.
·
Enzymes can only break down larger substances into smaller ones.
CONCEPT
Enzymes
9
Which of the following is part of a nucleotide?
·
Amino acid
·
Sugar
·
Proteins
·
DNA
CONCEPT
Nucleic Acids
10
Which statement is true?
·
Prokaryotic cells don't have a plasma membrane.
·
All cells have DNA.
·
Prokaryotic cells don't have DNA.
·
In eukaryotic cells, DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm.
CONCEPT
Cell Theory
11
What is the nucleolus?
·
A structure found within the nucleus that produces subunits of ribosomes
·
A condensed form of DNA that occurs when the cell is dividing
·
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus
·
A cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell
CONCEPT
Nucleus
12
When solute concentration is equal inside and outside of a cell, it is __________.
·
selectively permeable
·
hypertonic
·
hypotonic
·
isotonic
CONCEPT
Osmosis
13
The Golgi body is a part of the ________.
·
endomembrane system
·
Golgi apparatus
·
nuclear envelope
·
endoplasmic reticulum
CONCEPT
Golgi Body
14
In organisms, which level of organization is made up of tissues?
·
Organs
·
Organisms
·
Cells
·
Organ systems
CONCEPT
Organisms
15
Which of the following contains the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies and the nuclear envelope?
·
The Golgi apparatus
·
The rough ER
·
The endomembrane system
·
The lymphatic system
CONCEPT
Endoplasmic Reticulum
16
What role do sensory receptors play in feedback loops to maintain homeostasis?
·
Respond to stimuli
·
Interpret stimuli
·
Reverse the effects of stimuli
·
Detect stimuli
CONCEPT
Homeostasis
17
What molecules in the cell membrane help move molecules from a low to a high concentration gradient?
·
Endocytosis
·
Transport proteins
·
Diffusion pumps
·
Vesicles
CONCEPT
Facilitated Diffusion
18
Chloe is studying the effect a certain kind of fungus has on bacteria.
Â
Which of the following could be her hypothesis?
·
"I propose that this fungus somehow kills bacteria."
·
"Based on many tests, I realize that this fungus kills bacteria."
·
"I notice that when a certain fungus is present in a bacterial culture, the bacteria do not grow."
·
"I predict that the bacterial cultures in which I place this fungus will not grow."
CONCEPT
Scientific Method
19
What is true about the Krebs cycle?
·
During the Krebs cycle, carbon dioxide is released, which is exhaled when you breathe.
·
Two pyruvate molecules enter each turn of the cycle.
·
A single turn of the cycle yields two ATP molecules.
·
A two carbon molecule called NADH is produced in the preparatory steps of the Krebs cycle.
CONCEPT
Krebs Cycle
20
Why are mitochondria called the "powerhouse" of a cell?
·
They convert water into oxygen.
·
They convert energy into oxygen.
·
They convert light into food.
·
They convert food into energy.
CONCEPT
Mitochondria
21
A carbohydrate with two sugar units would be a(n) __________.
·
Polysaccharide
·
Monosaccharide
·
Carbosaccharide
·
Oligosaccharide
CONCEPT
Carbohydrates
22
Which of the following is a characteristic of the plasma membrane?
·
It doesn't contain any molecules aside from phospholipids.
·
It allows some molecules to pass through but prevents others from doing so.
·
It is made up of one layer of phospholipids.
·
The outward facing phospholipid tails give it a rough quality.
CONCEPT
Plasma Membrane
23
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules into or out of a cell.
·
Diffusion involves the breaking down of dead organelles.
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules using transport proteins.
·
Diffusion involves the movement of molecules in the cytoplasm.
CONCEPT
Diffusion
1
When solute concentration is equal inside and outside of a cell, it is __________.
·
selectively permeable
·
hypertonic
·
isotonic
·
hypotonic
CONCEPT
Osmosis
2
What is true regarding phosphorylation?
·
It helps transfer energy from the glucose molecule to a molecule of ADP in order for glycolysis to be carried out.
·
It strips ATP of all of its phosphate groups.
·
It occurs when ATP donates one of its phosphate groups to a molecule of glucose during glycolysis.
·
It involves combining glucose molecules in order to be used as fuel for glycolysis.
CONCEPT
Glycolysis
3
Which set of statements is true concerning the plasma membrane?
·
It is primarily composed of lipids and it controls what enters and leaves the cell.
·
It is primarily composed of proteins and nucleic acids, and it controls what enters and leaves the cell.
·
It is primarily composed of lipids and it keeps anything from entering or leaving the cell.
·
It is primarily composed of cellular fiber and it controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.
CONCEPT
Plasma Membrane
4
Which of the following is an example of an integrator working to maintain homeostasis?
·
Muscle cells cause you to shiver in an attempt to raise your body temperature if it is too low.
·
Thermoreceptors in your body detect a change in temperature when you walk into an air-conditioned building.
·
The heart begins pumping faster if blood pressure drops too low.
·
The brain processes information about blood calcium levels being too high and determines that calcium levels need to be lowered.Â
CONCEPT
Homeostasis
5
Which of the following statements is true?
·
All cells are made up of smaller cells.
·
Eukaryotic cells don't have a nucleus but often have a flagella.
·
Prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus, but they still have a plasma membrane that separates their DNA from their cytoplasm.
·
In all cells, the plasma membrane controls what enters and exits.
CONCEPT
Cell Theory
6
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules across a plasma membrane, regardless of concentration gradient.
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
·
Diffusion requires ATP to function.
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
CONCEPT
Diffusion
7
Which of the following is produced by the endoplasmic reticulum?
·
ATP
·
Nucleic acids
·
Carbohydrates
·
Lipids
CONCEPT
Endoplasmic Reticulum
8
What is chromatin?Â
·
A condensed form of DNA that occurs when the cell is dividing
·
A form of uncondensed DNA found within the nucleus of the cell
·
A structure found within the nucleus that produces subunits of ribosomes
·
A cell organelle that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell
CONCEPT
Nucleus
9
Why are mitochondria called the "powerhouse" of a cell?
·
They convert water into oxygen.
·
They convert energy into oxygen.
·
They convert food into energy.
·
They convert light into food.
CONCEPT
Mitochondria
10
Which type of fat has double bonds in its side chain?
·
Unsaturated fat
·
Saturated fat
·
Trans fat
·
Phospholipid
CONCEPT
Lipids
11
Which of the following is a biological class?
·
Mammalia
·
Chordata
·
Ursidae
·
Animalia
CONCEPT
Organisms
12
Which statement about active transport is true?
·
It does not require transport proteins.
·
It involves the use of DNA.
·
It requires ATP molecules.
·
It involves smaller molecules only.
CONCEPT
Facilitated Diffusion
13
What is a nucleotide?
·
A component of DNA and RNA made up of sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base
·
An organelle found in eukaryotic cells that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell
·
A nucleic acid that contains all the genetic information of an organism
·
A nucleic acid that produces protein in cells
CONCEPT
Nucleic Acids
14
Amy wonders if it takes her longer to get home from work when it's raining.
Â
Which of the following could be her observation?
·
"I propose that it takes me longer to get home from work when it's raining."
·
"I notice that I get home from work later on rainy days."
·
"Does rain have an impact on the length of my evening commute?"
·
"Based on many tests, I realize that it does indeed take me longer to get home from work on rainy days."
CONCEPT
Scientific Method
15
The Golgi body is a part of the ________.
·
endoplasmic reticulum
·
Golgi apparatus
·
endomembrane system
·
nuclear envelope
CONCEPT
Golgi Body
16
What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)?
·
Only products from the Krebs cycle are utilized in the electron transport chain.
·
The electron transport chain takes place in the nucleus of the cell.
·
Most ATP is produced during this step of cellular respiration.
·
A build-up of potassium on the inner membrane of the cell causes a gradient which leads to the production of ATP.
CONCEPT
Electron Transport Chain
17
How many turns of the Krebs cycle are required to break down one molecule of glucose?
·
Two
·
Three
·
Four
·
One
CONCEPT
Krebs Cycle
18
Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?
·
Enzymes can only break down larger substances into smaller ones.
·
The function of an enzyme is to speed up chemical reactions that occur in your body.
·
Enzymes are composed primarily of carbohydrates.
·
Enzymes are single-use proteins that must be regenerated after each reaction.
CONCEPT
Enzymes
19
A carbohydrate with two sugar units would be a(n) __________.
·
Oligosaccharide
·
Carbosaccharide
·
Polysaccharide
·
Monosaccharide
CONCEPT
Carbohydrates
20
Which of the following sources of information is most credible?
·
A lecture given by a prominent biologist on the findings of his most recent study
·
A remark made by a registered nurse over dinner
·
A Wikipedia article on molecular biology
·
A claim made by a reporter on the evening news
CONCEPT
Evaluate Information
21
What is the cytosol?
·
The protein structure that provides support to the cell
·
A part of the plasma membrane between the two layers of phospholipids
·
A part of the cytoskeleton that helps anchor membrane proteins
·
The liquid found inside the cytoplasm that is mostly composed of water
CONCEPT
Cytoplasm
22
Select the statement that is TRUE regarding metabolism.
·
In anabolism, complex carbohydrates are formed from smaller molecules.
·
In catabolism, monosaccharides are turned into polysaccharides.
·
In catabolism, complex carbohydrates are formed from smaller molecules.
·
In anabolism, complex carbohydrates are broken down into basic sugars.
CONCEPT
Metabolism
23
At what level of protein structure do amino acid chains twist and fold?
·
Primary
·
Tertiary
·
Quaternary
·
Secondary
CONCEPT
Proteins
Select the statement that is TRUE regarding metabolism.
·
In catabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled.
·
In anabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled.
·
In catabolism, glucose is combined to form a complex carbohydrate.
·
In anabolism, polysaccharides are turned into monosaccharides.
Which of the following is present only in RNA?
·
Cytosine
·
Adenine
·
Guanine
·
Uracil
How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?
·
Facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion are the same thing.
·
Facilitated diffusion requires the use of transport proteins. Simple diffusion does not.
·
Facilitated diffusion is when molecules are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
·
Facilitated diffusion requires the use of sodium-potassium pumps.
A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _________.
·
hypertonic
·
isotonic
·
hypotonic
·
selectively permeable
What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)?
·
The largest byproduct of the electron transport chain is carbon dioxide.
·
The electron transport chain produces 36 net molecules of ATP.
·
During the electron transport chain, a hydrogen gradient is produced that is used to produce ATP from ADP.
·
The electron transport chain is the second stage of cellular respiration.
Â
Where is cytosol found?
·
Between the two layers of the plasma membrane
·
In the cytoplasm
·
Inside the nucleus
·
Surrounding the cell
Which of the following is a function of the mitochondria?
·
To digest unwanted materials
·
To transfer genetic information to new cells
·
To help transport material into the cell
·
To produce energy rich molecules
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Diffusion regulates which molecules can and can't pass through a plasma membrane.
·
Diffusion is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
·
Diffusion describes the concentration gradient in a solution.
·
Diffusion does not require energy and is therefore a form of passive transport.
When solute concentration is lower outside of the cell than inside the cell, water will move in a net direction into the cell.
Â
This is called a(n) _________.
·
hypotonic solution
·
selectively permeable solution
·
isotonic solution
·
hypertonic solution
Which of the following characteristics is shared by all organisms?
·
Division into multiple sexes
·
Being made up of multiple cells
·
Cycles of consciousness and sleep
·
The ability to grow and reproduce
Which of the following describes a disaccharide?
·
It has no sugar units.
·
It has many sugar units.
·
It can have up to two sugar units.
·
It is also an oligosaccharide.
At what level of protein structure are several amino acid chains joined together?
·
Tertiary
·
Quaternary
·
Primary
·
Secondary
Which of the following is a characteristic of the nucleus?
·
It is a pocket in the cell's plasma membrane that houses DNA.
·
It is not found in eukaryotic cells.
·
It is a double membrane that surrounds the nuclear envelope.
·
It houses the cell's DNA.
Which type of lipid doesn't have glycerol?
·
Triglyceride
·
Phospholipid
·
Sterol
·
Saturated fat
1
A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _________.
·
hypotonic
·
isotonic
·
selectively permeable
·
hypertonic
CONCEPT
Osmosis
2
What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)?
·
Only products from the Krebs cycle are utilized in the electron transport chain.
·
A build-up of potassium on the inner membrane of the cell causes a gradient which leads to the production of ATP.
·
Most ATP is produced during this step of cellular respiration.
·
The electron transport chain takes place in the nucleus of the cell.
CONCEPT
Electron Transport Chain
3
Some chemical reactions within cells break down molecules. Others make larger molecules.
Â
They are all an example of ___________.
·
anabolism
·
ATP production
·
metabolism
·
catabolism
CONCEPT
Metabolism
4
Which of the following is part of the cytoskeleton?
·
Macrofilaments
·
Microfilaments
·
Macrotubules
·
Intermediate tubules
CONCEPT
Cytoplasm
5
Why are mitochondria called the "powerhouse" of a cell?
·
They convert light into food.
·
They convert energy into oxygen.
·
They convert food into energy.
·
They convert water into oxygen.
CONCEPT
Mitochondria
6
Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?
·
Any enzyme in your body is capable of taking part in any type of reaction.
·
An enzyme can act to either join substrates together or break them down.
·
Enzymes most often help to slow down reactions in the body.
·
The substrate will be physically different, but not chemically different after being acted upon by an enzyme.
CONCEPT
Enzymes
7
What molecules in the cell membrane help move molecules from a low to a high concentration gradient?
·
Diffusion pumps
·
Endocytosis
·
Vesicles
·
Transport proteins
CONCEPT
Facilitated Diffusion
8
Which organelle is mainly responsible for synthesizing proteins?
·
Nuclear envelope
·
Golgi body
·
Smooth ER
·
Ribosomes
CONCEPT
Endoplasmic Reticulum
9
What is the nucleolus?
·
A cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell
·
A structure found within the nucleus that produces subunits of ribosomes
·
A condensed form of DNA that occurs when the cell is dividing
·
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus
CONCEPT
Nucleus
10
Which of the following describes an organic compound?
·
A compound made up of carbohydratesÂ
·
A compound that cannot be broken down by the cellÂ
·
A compound found only in eukaryotic cellsÂ
·
A compound that contains the element carbonÂ
CONCEPT
Carbohydrates
11
Which of the following sources of information is most credible?
·
An article in a peer-reviewed journal
·
An article in a popular magazine
·
An article in the science section of a local newspaper
·
An article written for the school paper by a science teacher
CONCEPT
Evaluate Information
12
At what level of protein structure do amino acid chains twist and fold?
·
Quaternary
·
Tertiary
·
Primary
·
Secondary
CONCEPT
Proteins
13
In organisms, which level of organization is made up of tissues?
·
Organisms
·
Cells
·
Organs
·
Organ systems
CONCEPT
Organisms
14
Which of the following is a characteristic of the plasma membrane?
·
It doesn't contain any molecules aside from phospholipids.
·
It is made up of one layer of phospholipids.
·
The outward facing phospholipid tails give it a rough quality.
·
It allows some molecules to pass through but prevents others from doing so.
CONCEPT
Plasma Membrane
15
Which of the following is part of a nucleotide?
·
Proteins
·
Sugar
·
Amino acid
·
DNA
CONCEPT
Nucleic Acids
16
Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?
·
It is an anaerobic process.
·
It is the last stage of cellular respiration.
·
Phosphorylation halts the process when ATP levels get too low.
·
It utilizes a molecule of glucose to produce three ATP.
CONCEPT
Glycolysis
17
Which of the following is an example of an integrator working to maintain homeostasis?
·
Thermoreceptors in your body detect a change in temperature when you walk into an air-conditioned building.
·
Muscle cells cause you to shiver in an attempt to raise your body temperature if it is too low.
·
The heart begins pumping faster if blood pressure drops too low.
·
The brain processes information about blood calcium levels being too high and determines that calcium levels need to be lowered.Â
CONCEPT
Homeostasis
18
Chris is trying to determine whether the brand of coffee he drinks has an impact on his productivity.
Â
Which of the following could be his prediction?Â
·
"Based on many tests, I realize that Coffee A does not actually boost my productivity."
·
"I propose that Coffee A somehow boosts my productivity."Â
·
"I predict that I'll be more productive on days when I drink Coffee A."Â
·
"I notice that I'm more productive on days when I drink Coffee A."
CONCEPT
Scientific Method
19
What is true about the Krebs cycle?
·
It is the final stage of cellular respiration and produces the most ATP.
·
It is an anaerobic process and thus does not require oxygen.
·
Two turns of the cycle are required to break down the two pyruvate molecules from glycolysis.
·
It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
CONCEPT
Krebs Cycle
20
Which of the following statements is true?
·
Diffusion requires ATP to function.
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules across a plasma membrane, regardless of concentration gradient.
·
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
CONCEPT
Diffusion
21
What type of lipid is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid side chains?
·
Phospholipid
·
Sterol
·
Triglyceride
·
Saturated fat
CONCEPT
Lipids
22
Which statement is true?
·
All cells have DNA.
·
In eukaryotic cells, DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm.
·
Prokaryotic cells don't have DNA.
·
Prokaryotic cells don't have a plasma membrane.
CONCEPT
Cell Theory
23
Which of the following is carried out by vesicles?
·
Organizing organelles prior to division
·
Breaking down substances within the cell
·
Synthesizing proteins
·
Facilitated diffusion
CONCEPT
Golgi Body
A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _________.
·
hypotonic
·
·
isotonic
·
·
selectively permeable
·
·
hypertonic
·
When solute concentration is equal inside and outside of a cell, it is __________.
·
selectively permeable
·
·
isotonic
·
·
hypertonic
·
·
hypotonic
·
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