SmartExpert
$30/per page/Negotiable
Introduction to Sociology Milestone 3 Answer Sophia Course
Click below Link for Answers
1
Which of the following is one of Max Weber's characteristics of bureaucracy?
·
Formal communications
·
Rules and regulations
·
Specialization
·
All of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
Characteristics of Bureaucracy
2
Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the Thomas Theorem?
·
Situations we think are real have real consequences for how we act.
·
Situations defined as real are always real.
·
Situations defined as real are only real when someone in power says they are real.
·
None of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
Thomas Theorem
3
Stacy is an upper-class white woman from Minneapolis who marries an upper-class white man, Ken, who is from Cincinnati.
Stacy and Ken have which of the following types of marriage?
·
Polygamous
·
Exogamous
·
Homogamous
CONCEPT
Marriage Patterns
4
Janelle is a 53-year-old attorney who worries that she will not be taken seriously at work as her appearance becomes less youthful, because there are many younger attorneys at the firm where she works.
Janelle fears that she will be a victim of which of the following?
·
Ageism
·
Gerontology
·
Old age
·
Gerontocracy
CONCEPT
Socialization: The Life Course
5
Which of the following is a potential advantage of modern reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization?
·
Both of the answer choices are correct.
·
Neither of the answer choices is correct.
·
They provide couples who cannot conceive the opportunity to have a child.
·
They may reduce the number of birth defects.
CONCEPT
In Vitro Fertilization
6
According to George Ritzer, which of the following lists the four principles associated with the McDonaldization of society?
·
Efficiency, predictability, uniformity, and control
·
Specialization, hierarchy, impersonality, and clear rules
·
Flexibility, competition, creativity, and control
·
Efficiency, unpredictability, diversity, and control
CONCEPT
Scientific Management
7
Which of the following statements about symbolic interaction theory is true?
·
Symbolic interaction theory was created by Emile Durkheim.
·
Symbolic interaction theory focuses on the meanings that individuals give to actions in specific situations.
·
Symbolic interaction theory states that society is a complex and interconnected machine with many interlocking parts that, together, form a system.
·
Symbolic interaction theory states that society is an arena of conflict between groups over scarce resources.
CONCEPT
Social Construction of Reality
8
Which of the following statements about total institutions is NOT true?
·
People within a total institution are never given rewards.
·
Resocialization occurs within total institutions.
·
All aspects of life are controlled within total institutions.
·
Life is standardized and made uniform within total institutions.
CONCEPT
Resocialization and Total Institutions
9
Being a pediatrician is an example of which of the following types of status?
·
Achieved status
·
Status set
·
Ascribed status
CONCEPT
Status
10
Veronica practices a solo she will perform at her school's talent show. While choosing her music, costume, and choreography, she considers how the audience might react.
In this scenario, Veronica uses a __________ to evaluate the impact of her creative choices.
·
primary group
·
reference group
·
social group
·
secondary group
CONCEPT
Reference Groups
11
Andrew is a sociology professor teaching an introductory course. He notices that one of his students is slouching, with her head down.
The student's __________ tells Andrew that she is not very interested in the lecture.
·
demeanor
·
eye contact
·
personal space
·
face
CONCEPT
Nonverbal Communication
12
Magdalena works for a government licensing bureau that doesn't allow exceptions to its rules. Magdalena feels that uniform adherence to procedures is undermining the bureau's effectiveness and causing problems that it is currently experiencing.
This scenario illustrates which of the following problems of bureaucracy?
·
Bureaucratic inertia
·
Oligarchy
·
Bureaucratic alienation
·
Bureaucratic ritualism
CONCEPT
Problems of Bureaucracy
13
Which of the following is NOT a correct pairing?
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Social life is like a theater
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Erving Goffman
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Life is dramatic
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Front stage and back stage
CONCEPT
Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis
14
Which of the following definitions of a basic family concept is correct?
·
Family is a group of two or more people who cooperate economically, and are related by blood or affiliation.
·
Marriage is a legal union, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and (often) children.
·
Kinship is a culturally-patterned social relationship based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
·
All of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
Family: Basic Concepts
15
Societies in which men have more power, and in which it is important for fathers to pass on property and power to their sons, will likely have which of the following systems of descent?
·
Property-based descent
·
Bilateral descent
·
Matrilineal descent
·
Patrilineal descent
CONCEPT
Descent
16
In a few weeks, John will go to Army boot camp. He has spoken with relatives who completed boot camp training to find out what to expect, and how to be successful.
This process of acquiring knowledge that can be applied to future roles is called __________.
·
preoperational stage
·
cohort
·
anticipatory socialization
·
status
CONCEPT
Socialization: Peer Groups and Media
17
Which of the following is an example of a primary group?
·
You and the other students who attend your school
·
You and your siblings
·
You and the members of your knitting club
·
You and your inner self
CONCEPT
Groups
18
Jeremy and Christina are a couple in their twenties who live in New York City. They move in together to reduce the cost of living in such an expensive city. Previously, they paid high rents to live in separate studio apartments.
Together, Jeremy and Christina are an example of which of the following?
·
A blended family
·
Economic independence
·
A unit of economic cooperation
·
Cohabitation
CONCEPT
Divorce, Blended Families, and Cohabitation
19
Select the true statement about symbolic interaction theory's approach to the family.
·
This approach is based on the idea that the family helps to ensure that society functions properly.
·
This approach has a broad, macro-level orientation.
·
This approach is based on the principle of complex negotiations for an equal trade.
·
This approach is based on the idea that people create reality through their interactions.
CONCEPT
Theoretical Approaches to Family
20
Malik graduated from college and began working as an energy analyst. His primary duty is to help businesses to become energy-efficient.
Malik's primary duty is an example of which of the following?
·
Role conflicts
·
Statuses
·
Role strains
·
Roles
CONCEPT
Roles
21
Which of the following statements about family violence is FALSE?
·
Family violence is considered a legal matter only when a man attacks a woman.
·
States have changed their laws so that women can obtain court protection from an abusive spouse.
·
Women are more likely than men to be injured by a family member.
·
Both men and women can be violent towards children.
CONCEPT
Family Violence
22
Which of the following is NOT a key finding of Solomon Asch's research?
·
People will compromise their beliefs to avoid being judged as nonconformists.
·
People will give in to social pressure in small groups.
·
Groups can produce conformity.
·
People feel less pressure to conform in small groups than they do in larger ones.
CONCEPT
Group Conformity Studies
1
Select the true statement about the McDonaldization of society.
·
Its key characteristics include creativity and optimization.
·
It is a way of describing the industrialization of our society.
·
Its key characteristics include inefficiency and unpredictability.
·
It is a way of describing the standardization of our society.
CONCEPT
Scientific Management
2
Which of the following is a correct pairing?
·
Polygamy
Marriage to one person at a time
·
Endogamy
A marriage norm that requires group members to marry someone outside of the group
·
Homogamy
Marriage between people who are different
·
None of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
Marriage Patterns
3
Which of the following is a type of reference group?
·
Both of the answer choices are correct.
·
Groups to which we want to belong
·
Groups to which we already belong
·
Neither of the answer choices is correct.
CONCEPT
Reference Groups
4
Being someone's nephew is an example of which of the following types of status?
·
Achieved status
·
Ascribed status
·
Status set
CONCEPT
Status
5
Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between total institutions and resocialization?
·
The only reason that total institutions exist is to promote resocialization.
·
Resocialization occurs within a total institution.
·
Total institutions cannot exist without resocialization.
·
Resocialization gives people their identities, and total institutions break those identities down.
CONCEPT
Resocialization and Total Institutions
6
The argument that people behave according to their interpretation of a situation, whether the interpretation is true or not, is called __________.
·
the presentation of self
·
the Thomas Theorem
·
anticipatory socialization
CONCEPT
Thomas Theorem
7
The tendency for people to behave in social settings as if they were actors in a play is called which of the following?
·
Thomas Theorem
·
Dramaturgical analysis
·
Ethnomethodology
·
Looking-glass self
CONCEPT
Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis
8
Select the true statement about social conflict theory's approach to the family.
·
Social conflict theory states that the family helps to ensure that society runs smoothly.
·
In this theory, relationships are viewed as a series of complex negotiations for an equal trade.
·
This theory states that reality is something people create through their interactions.
·
This theory describes the family as an instrument for the consolidation of property and wealth, to the detriment of other families.
CONCEPT
Theoretical Approaches to Family
9
Which of the following is NOT a key finding of Solomon Asch's research?
·
People will compromise their beliefs to avoid being judged as nonconformists.
·
Groups can produce conformity.
·
People feel less pressure to conform in small groups than they do in larger ones.
·
People will give in to social pressure in small groups.
CONCEPT
Group Conformity Studies
10
Which of the following is an example of a secondary group?
·
You and your family
·
You and your best friends
·
You and your inner self
·
You and the other people protesting a law that you consider unjust
CONCEPT
Groups
11
This problem, which is associated with bureaucracies, happens as workers begin to feel more like objects or tools than people.
Which of the following best fits this description?
·
Bureaucratic alienation
·
Bureaucratic ritualism
·
Oligarchy
·
Bureaucratic inertia
CONCEPT
Problems of Bureaucracy
12
Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is FALSE?
·
Body language and gestures can communicate one's feelings.
·
Losing face occurs when there is a disconnect between one's actions and words.
·
Humans always pay attention to nonverbal communication, whether we realize it or not.
·
The amount of personal space people expect can vary by culture.
CONCEPT
Nonverbal Communication
13
Which of the following groups most often suffers from family violence?
·
Both women and children
·
Children
·
Men
·
Women
CONCEPT
Family Violence
14
Which of the following is a potential advantage of modern reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization?
·
They provide couples who cannot conceive the opportunity to have a child.
·
They may increase the odds of couples having a healthy baby.
·
They may help to reduce serious birth defects.
·
All of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
In Vitro Fertilization
15
Janelle is a 53-year-old attorney who worries that she will not be taken seriously at work as her appearance becomes less youthful, because there are many younger attorneys at the firm where she works.
Janelle fears that she will be a victim of which of the following?
·
Gerontology
·
Old age
·
Ageism
·
Gerontocracy
CONCEPT
Socialization: The Life Course
16
Abigail enrolls in a large university that is several hours away from the small town in which she grew up. There were only 50 students per grade in her high school, but more than 40,000 students attend the university. As Abigail prepares to pledge to a sorority, she conforms to the attitudes and behavior of sorority members.
The process in which Abigail learns the social behaviors of the group to which she wants to belong is called __________ socialization.
·
assimilation
·
cultural
·
anticipatory
·
intrapersonal
CONCEPT
Socialization: Peer Groups and Media
17
Which of the following statements about the causes of the divorce rate in the U.S. is FALSE?
·
People are more individualistic and concerned with their personal happiness.
·
Legally, it has become easier to get a divorce.
·
Women are less dependent on men.
·
Divorce has become less socially acceptable.
CONCEPT
Divorce, Blended Families, and Cohabitation
18
Which of the following is a correct pairing?
·
Descent
Tracing property transfers from generation to generation
·
Bilateral descent
Tracing descent through both the mother and the father
·
Patrilineal descent
Tracing descent through female family members
·
Matrilineal descent
Tracing decent through the father
CONCEPT
Descent
19
The social construction of reality holds which of the following to be true?
·
Reality is fixed— the meanings of things, places, people, and events do not change.
·
Only small meanings, like the meaning of a word, can change. Bigger meanings, like the meaning of American society, are fixed.
·
Reality is not fixed— it changes as humans create new meanings.
·
The meanings of things, events, and people only change when someone in power wants them to change.
CONCEPT
Social Construction of Reality
20
Which of the following is one of Max Weber's characteristics of bureaucracy?
·
Formal communications
·
Rules and regulations
·
Specialization
·
All of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
Characteristics of Bureaucracy
21
A(n) __________ includes grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles, in addition to the parents and their children.
·
blended family
·
extended family
·
kinship
·
nuclear family
CONCEPT
Family: Basic Concepts
22
Malik graduated from college and began working as an energy analyst. His primary duty is to help businesses to become energy-efficient.
Malik's primary duty is an example of which of the following?
·
Statuses
·
Roles
·
Role conflicts
·
Role strains
1
Which of the following statements about family violence is FALSE?
·
Family violence is considered a legal matter only when a man attacks a woman.
·
States have changed their laws so that women can obtain court protection from an abusive spouse.
·
Women are more likely than men to be injured by a family member.
·
Both men and women can be violent towards children.
CONCEPT
Family Violence
2
Which of the following is NOT one of Max Weber's six key characteristics of bureaucracy?
·
Hierarchy of offices
·
Technical proficiency
·
Rules and regulations
·
Personalization
CONCEPT
Characteristics of Bureaucracy
3
Select the true statement about symbolic interaction theory's approach to the family.
·
This approach has a broad, macro-level orientation.
·
This approach is based on the idea that people create reality through their interactions.
·
This approach is based on the principle of complex negotiations for an equal trade.
·
This approach is based on the idea that the family helps to ensure that society functions properly.
CONCEPT
Theoretical Approaches to Family
4
A key function of __________ is to socialize children and share cultural values.
·
mass media
·
marriage
·
families
·
kinship
CONCEPT
Family: Basic Concepts
5
Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is FALSE?
·
Losing face occurs when there is a disconnect between one's actions and words.
·
Body language and gestures can communicate one's feelings.
·
The amount of personal space people expect can vary by culture.
·
Humans always pay attention to nonverbal communication, whether we realize it or not.
CONCEPT
Nonverbal Communication
6
Which of the following was a key finding of Solomon Asch's research?
·
People will compromise their personal beliefs to fit in with a group.
·
People are less likely to conform in a small group.
·
People will readily inflict pain on another person if there is group pressure to do so.
·
People will adjust to their environment.
CONCEPT
Group Conformity Studies
7
Which of the following is NOT a common reason for divorce?
·
Individualism is increasing.
·
People become bored more easily today, due to the prevalence of social distractions.
·
Getting a divorce is easier than it used to be.
·
Divorce is less-stigmatized than it used to be.
CONCEPT
Divorce, Blended Families, and Cohabitation
8
Societies in which men have more power, and in which it is important for fathers to pass on property and power to their sons, will likely have which of the following systems of descent?
·
Property-based descent
·
Bilateral descent
·
Patrilineal descent
·
Matrilineal descent
CONCEPT
Descent
9
The long hours that Cindy works as a waitress are interfering with her college coursework.
This is an example of which of the following?
·
Role strain
·
Master status
·
Role exit
·
Role conflict
CONCEPT
Roles
10
This problem, which is associated with bureaucracies, happens as workers begin to feel more like objects or tools than people.
Which of the following best fits this description?
·
Bureaucratic inertia
·
Bureaucratic alienation
·
Bureaucratic ritualism
·
Oligarchy
CONCEPT
Problems of Bureaucracy
11
Being someone's nephew is an example of which of the following types of status?
·
Achieved status
·
Ascribed status
·
Status set
CONCEPT
Status
12
Stacy is an upper-class white woman from Minneapolis who marries an upper-class white man, Ken, who is from Cincinnati.
Stacy and Ken have which of the following types of marriage?
·
Exogamous
·
Polygamous
·
Homogamous
CONCEPT
Marriage Patterns
13
Which of the following is an example of a primary group?
·
You and your inner self
·
You and the other students who attend your school
·
You and your siblings
·
You and the members of your knitting club
CONCEPT
Groups
14
Which of the following is a type of reference group?
·
Both of the answer choices are correct.
·
Neither of the answer choices is correct.
·
Groups to which we want to belong
·
Groups to which we already belong
CONCEPT
Reference Groups
15
In a __________, the political power of the ruling class increases as it ages.
·
ageism
·
gerontocracy
·
bilateral descent
·
gerontology
CONCEPT
Socialization: The Life Course
16
Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the Thomas Theorem?
·
Situations defined as real are always real.
·
Situations defined as real are only real when someone in power says they are real.
·
None of the answer choices are correct.
·
Situations we think are real have real consequences for how we act.
CONCEPT
Thomas Theorem
17
Which of the following statements about symbolic interaction theory is true?
·
Symbolic interaction theory focuses on the meanings that individuals give to actions in specific situations.
·
Symbolic interaction theory states that society is an arena of conflict between groups over scarce resources.
·
Symbolic interaction theory was created by Emile Durkheim.
·
Symbolic interaction theory states that society is a complex and interconnected machine with many interlocking parts that, together, form a system.
CONCEPT
Social Construction of Reality
18
Which of the following is a potential advantage of modern reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization?
·
Neither of the answer choices is correct.
·
They may reduce the number of birth defects.
·
They provide couples who cannot conceive the opportunity to have a child.
·
Both of the answer choices are correct.
CONCEPT
In Vitro Fertilization
19
In a few weeks, John will go to Army boot camp. He has spoken with relatives who completed boot camp training to find out what to expect, and how to be successful.
This process of acquiring knowledge that can be applied to future roles is called __________.
·
anticipatory socialization
·
status
·
cohort
·
preoperational stage
CONCEPT
Socialization: Peer Groups and Media
20
Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between total institutions and resocialization?
·
Resocialization occurs within a total institution.
·
Total institutions cannot exist without resocialization.
·
The only reason that total institutions exist is to promote resocialization.
·
Resocialization gives people their identities, and total institutions break those identities down.
CONCEPT
Resocialization and Total Institutions
21
Which of the following is NOT a correct pairing?
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Front stage and back stage
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Life is dramatic
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Erving Goffman
·
Dramaturgical analysis
Social life is like a theater
CONCEPT
Goffman's Dramaturgical Analysis
22
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the McDonaldization of society?
·
Structure
·
Predictability
·
Control
·
Uniformity
Iris lives in a tribal society. She doesn't consider her father's sister to be a member of her family.
Which of the following systems of descent is used in Iris' society?
·
Bilateral descent
·
Property-based descent
·
Patrilineal descent
·
Matrilineal descent
Which of the following is one of Max Weber's six key characteristics of bureaucracy?
·
Personality
·
Verbal communication
·
Rules and regulations
·
Generalization
Which of the following is a problem associated with bureaucracies that is related to the tendency of formal organizations to dehumanize employees?
·
Bureaucratic inertia
·
Bureaucratic ritualism
·
Oligarchy
·
Bureaucratic alienation
Select the true statement about structural-functional theory's approach to the family.
·
According to this theory, reality is something that people create through their interactions.
·
According to this theory, the family is a means to consolidate property and wealth.
·
According to this theory, relationships are a series of complex negotiations for an equal trade.
·
According to this theory, the family helps to ensure that society runs smoothly.
Societies in which men have more than one wife, or women have more than one husband, are societies in which __________ is practiced.
·
monogamy
·
endogamy
·
polygamy
·
homogamy
Which of the following events gave greater urgency to the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia?
·
The Great Compromise
·
Washington's election as president
·
The Annapolis Convention
·
Shay's Rebellion
Which statement most accurately reflects the views of Thomas Jefferson?
·
"Landowners and farmers provide the foundation for the economy, not merchants and manufacturers."
·
"The Constitution should be interpreted such that Congress has any rights not explicitly withheld."
·
"The first thing we must do is honor all of our debts and prove ourselves worthy of credit."
·
“I believe we can stabilize the American economy by establishing a national bank.”
Which of the following definitions of a basic family concept is correct?
·
Marriage is a legal union, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and (often) children.
·
All of the answer choices are correct.
·
Family is a group of two or more people who cooperate economically, and are related by blood or affiliation.
·
Kinship is a culturally-patterned social relationship based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
Arnold struggles to manage the demands of his job as an executive at a large company.
Which of the following sociological terms best describes what Arnold is experiencing?
·
Role exit
·
Role conflict
·
Master status
·
Role strain
Which of the following statements about personal space is true?
·
We do not send any messages with our body movements through space.
·
Notions of personal space are the same in every culture.
·
Notions of personal space vary by culture.
·
The foot of space immediately surrounding your body is always your personal space.
Being an Olympic gold medalist is an example of which of the following types of status?
·
Ascribed status
·
Status set
·
Achieved status