hey i have been trying to get help on this lab report i have for animal science.  I have already sent it to someone here and they have not given it to me and it is now overdue.  Below is the attached document and I have lab at 2:30 and need it to be done within the next hour.  I need just page 5 to be completed and sent to me.  

 

 

1 Lab #1
Fall, 2016
AS332
Week of September 12, 2016
This exercise is designed to familiarize you with volume weights, unit conversions
and other basic mathematical calculations used in practical feeding of animals. I. Comparing feeds on a 100% dry matter basis
Feeds vary in their moisture content. Silages and pasture forages usually
contain only 10-40% dry matter (DM); Haylages contain 40-60% DM; Hays and
most concentrates (grains, etc.) contain about 90% dry matter. Due to this variance in
moisture content, the nutrient composition of most feeds can only be compared on an
equivalent moisture basis. The most commonly used equivalent moisture bases
is the 100% DM or moisture-free (MF) basis.
A. Moisture-free (or Dry Matter Basis): Nutrient composition figures for all feeds
can be compared on a moisture-free or 100% dry matter basis. The feed
composition tables have values on both the As Fed (AF, first line) and MF
(second line) basis.
Example: Sun-cured alfalfa meal contains 91.2% DM and 15.2% crude
Protein (AFB). Dehydrated alfalfa meal contains 94.6% DM and 15.6% crude
protein (AFB). Which alfalfa meal has the higher crude protein content on
an equivalent 100% DMB
dry matter basis?
Sun-cured: Dehydrated: 2 NOTE: Rations for ruminant animals (dairy, beef and sheep) are usually calculated on
a DM basis using nutrient composition and requirement values on a 100% DM basis
However….the amounts of each feed to be given have to be expressed on an A-F basis
because you can't weigh feed out on a DM basis on the farm. Rations for poultry and swine are calculated and fed on an A-F basis (Horse rations
are often calculated both ways). This is possible because almost all the feeds fed to these
animals contain approximately 90 % DM while feeds for ruminants vary from 10 - 90% in
dry matter. C. Prices of feeds must be compared on an M-F or 100% DM basis
Example: You have a choice of buying either a grass haylage (30% DM at $20.5
per ton) or a grass hay (92 %DM at $70 per ton). Assuming that both were of similar
quality and that either could be fed to your livestock, which would be less expensive? Or
stated another way, what is the cost per ton on a DM Basis?
Hay: Haylage: 3
II
. Unit Conversions and Volume Weights
A. All nutritional requirements of animals are now expressed by the National
Research Council (NRC) in the metric system. However, feeds are still
weighed in pounds and tons by the feed manufacturer and producer.
Therefore, weight conversions between the British and metric systems are
essential in ration formulation and animal feeding.
The most important conversions between the two systems are listed below. You
must commit these to memory:
1 Pound (lb) = 453.6 grams (g) = 16 oz
1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g = 2.2 lb
1 part per million (PPM) = 1 mg/kg = 1 ug/ g = 0.0001%
1 (English) ton = 2000 lbs = 909 kg
1 (Metric) ton = 2200lbs = 1000kg B. Bulk Density
Some cereal grains are sold by the bushel, which must be converted to weight
using either a measured Bushel Weight or using “Standard Bushel Weights”
weights (#/bu):
How much is a bushel anyway??
Wheat
Barley
Oats Corn
Ear Corn _________________ Ground Corn_________________ Rye _________________ _________________ Do you think these weights might vary?...If so by how much?? What causes this variation??
9 Does this variation have any implications when feeding animals?? 4
Nutrients Supplied by Feeds
III.
Feeds vary in their nutrient content. It is very important to be able to figure out exactly how much of a
certain nutrient a feed supplies. Normally, we think of this in terms of :
Percent x Content = Product.
The following procedure will help you in determining the amount of a particular nutrient supplied by the
various feeds in a ration:
A. Ration
Oats
Barley
Corn % in Ration
40
30
30
100% Fat content
5.2%
2.0%
4.1% Note that one of the percentages must be changed to a decimal before multiplying.
B. One ton of pig feed is composed of the following ingredients on a DM
basis: 80% corn, 20% soybean meal. Assuming that there are no other
sources of calcium, what percent calcium is in the feed? (Corn = 0.05%
Ca; SBM = 0.34% Ca) 5 Dry Matter Problems
Due next week (Week of 9/19) in Lab
(10pts)
1. A pet food has the following analysis on an as fed basis (AFB)
Ash
Crude Protein
Crude Fat 2.11 %
5.33 %
3.5 % Crude Fiber
Moisture
Calcium 1.0 %
73 %
0.1 % a. What percent dry matter is contained in this feed?
b. What is the percent (%) crude protein of this feed on a Dry Matter Basis (DMB)?
c. You determine that your pet requires 0.36 pounds of dry matter daily to meet her nutritional
requirements. How much of the above pet food would your pet have to eat (on an as fed basis) to
supply the needed 0.36 pounds of dry matter daily?
d. The maximum amount of Ash your pet can tolerate in her diet is 4.63% (DMB). Does the above
food exceed this maximum? Justify your answer.
2. After balancing a ration for a group of cattle on a “backgrounding” ration, you calculate that
your animals each require 18.9 pounds of dry matter of a ration which has 13.43% CP (DMB).
You mix up the ration, run a dry matter on the feed, and find it has a DM of 83.7%.
(a) How much of the above ration (on an as fed basis) must be consumed by each animal to
meet the calculated intake requirement of 18.9 pounds of DM?
(b) How many grams of crude protein would be supplied by the above ration if each
animal consumed the required amount of dry matter?
3. You would like to feed home-grown forages to your lactating dairy cows. You have corn silage
(32%DM) and alfalfa hay (91.3%DM) available to feed. After some careful ration balancing you
decide that your cows need a total of 15kg of dry matter coming from the forage portion of your
ration…
a. If you decided that you were going to feed only corn silage, how many kg of
corn silage on an “as fed basis” (AFB) would it take to supply the required 15kg
of DM?
- b. If you decided that you were going to feed only alfalfa hay, how many kg of
alfalfa hay “as fed basis” (AFB) would it take to supply the required 15kg of
DM?
c. What if you wanted to have half of the DM to come from each of corn silage
and alfalfa hay? How many kg of each would you have to feed in an AFB?
d. What if you wanted to feed the required amount of DM (15kg) using equal
amounts of Alfalfa hay and CS on an AFB??…How much of each would you
have to feed to provide the requisite amount of DM? This problem requires the
use of simultaneous equations because there are two (!!) unknowns…

Attachments:

• 1492570341-Lab 1 Calculations and unit conversions-3.doc