Glycolipids

Question 1 options:

A) are glucose-binding lipids

B) are carbohydrate-binding lipids

C) only occur inside the plasma membrane

D) is another term for glycocalyx

SaveQuestion 2 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

Question 2 options:

A) regulation of cell division

B) regulation of transportation in and out of the cell

C) production of ATP

D) production and packaging of proteins

SaveQuestion 3 (1 point)

 

 

The function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane is

Question 3 options:

A) to provide a pathway for water and some ions to cross the membrane

B) provide stability to the plasma membrane by limiting the movement of phospholipids

C) to give balance to the non-polar ends of the phospholipid

D) to give balance to the polar ends of the phosolipid

SaveQuestion 4 (1 point)

 

 

In the plasma membrane, _________________ form(s) the lipid bilayer, ________________ determine(s) the fluid nature of the membrane, and _______________ mainly determine(s) the function of the membrane.

Question 4 options:

A) phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins

B) phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol

C) cholesterol, phospholipids, proteins

D) cholesterol, proteins, phospholipids

SaveQuestion 5 (1 point)

 

 

The different types of proteins in the plasma membrane include

Question 5 options:

A) integral proteins

B) peripheral proteins

C) receptor proteins

D) all of the above

E) none of the above

SaveQuestion 6 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following is not a function of the cell membrane?

Question 6 options:

A) regulation of cell division

B) regulation and site of exchange with the environment

C) structural support of the cell

D) recognition of substances outside of the cell

SaveQuestion 7 (1 point)

 

 

Which statement is NOT a step in the function of a G protein complex?

Question 7 options:

A) the complex separates from the receptor and the alpha subunit separates from the other subunits

B) GDP is released after the receptor becomes associated with the G protein complex

C) the G protein complex associates with a receptor and then a chemical signal binds to it

D) the G protein complex acts as an intermediary between a receptor and other cellular proteins

SaveQuestion 8 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following words does not belong with the other 3?

Question 8 options:

A) Glycolipid

B) Glycogen

C) Glycoprotein

D) Glycocalyx

SaveQuestion 9 (1 point)

 

 

G protein complexes

Question 9 options:

A) will only associate with a receptor that has a chemical signal bound to it

B) consists of three proteins: alpha, beta and delta

C) activates a cell response using the beta subunit

D) use ATP as energy to separate from the receptor

SaveQuestion 10 (1 point)

 

 

How does the phospholipid bilayer maintain separation between inside and outside the cell?

Question 10 options:

A) A negative charge inside the cell keeps positively charged molecules outside the cell

B) The fatty acid portion of the phospholipid membrane does not easily allow water to move across the membrane

C) Proteins transporters in the membrane can only move ions and molecules in one direction

D) The fatty acid tails of phospholipids forms a layer that discourages the crossing of non-charged molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide

 

 

 

1) Which is not a characteristic of mediated transport?

Question 1 options:

A) competition

B) saturation

C) tonicity

D) specificity

SaveQuestion 2 (1 point)

 

 

The rate of diffusion increases if the

Question 2 options:

A) concentration gradient decreases.

B) temperature of a solution decreases.

C) viscosity of a solution decreases.

D) All of these are correct.

SaveQuestion 3 (1 point)

 

 

How does the phospholipid bilayer maintain separation between the spaces inside and outside the cell?

Question 3 options:

A) The negative charge outside the cell keeps positively charged molecules inside the cell

B) The polar portion of the phospholipid membrane does not allow water to move across the membrane

C) Ion concentrations on either side of the membrane do not allow other molecules to cross because they have opposing charges

D) Proteins in the membrane can only move atoms and molecules in one direction

E) None of the above

SaveQuestion 4 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following is true concerning phospholipids?

Question 4 options:

A) the phosphate head is hydrophobic, meaning it dislikes water and turns away from it.

B) a single layer of phospholipids is sufficient to perform cellular functions. There is a second layer that serves as a backup.

C) the phospholipid tails are hydrophobic meaning they dislike water and turn away from it.

D) all of the above are TRUE

SaveQuestion 5 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following influences diffusion rate?

(1) concentration gradient

(2) viscosity

(3) temperature

(4) size of molecules

Question 5 options:

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2, and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 2 and 4 only

E) all of the above

SaveQuestion 6 (1 point)

 

 

In general, lipid-soluble molecules diffuse through the _____________; small, water-soluble molecules diffuse through the ______________.

Question 6 options:

A) membrane channels, lipid bilayer

B) membrane channels, carrier proteins

C) lipid bilayer, carrier proteins

D) carrier proteins, membrane channels

SaveQuestion 7 (1 point)

 

 

The three types of transport proteins are

Question 7 options:

A) channel, carrier, and attachment

B) leak ion, gated ion, and ligand-gated ion

C) channel, ATP-powered pumps, and carrier

D) leak ion, ATP-powered pumps, and gated ion

SaveQuestion 8 (1 point)

 

 

The uptake of molecules dissolved in liquid in smaller vesicles through the plasma membrane is the definition for

Question 8 options:

A) endocytosis

B) phagocytosis

C) pinocytosis

D) exoytosis

SaveQuestion 9 (1 point)

 

 

The statements about transport of Ca2+ from the cytosol (low Ca2+ concentration) into the endoplasmic reticulum (high Ca2+ concentration) are true EXCEPT which of the following?

Question 9 options:

A) Calcium movement involves the use of a pump.

B) Calcium movement involves active transport.

C) Calcium movement occurs by facilitated diffusion using a transporter protein.

D) Calcium movement requires energy.

E) Calcium movement occurs through a transmembrane protein.

SaveQuestion 10 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following statements about diffusion of charged molecules are TRUE.

1 - Passive Diffusion of non-charged particles across a cell membrane continues until concentrations come to equilibrium

2 - Passive Diffusion of potassium (positive charge) across a membrane continues until concentrations come to equilibrium. 

3 - Diffusion is faster if the temperature is decreased

4 - Diffusion is faster across a cell membrane if the surface area is increased

5 - Membrane permeability depends only on the molecules size

6 - Diffusion of ions across a cell membrane requires a protein channel or transporter

Question 10 options:

A) 1,2,3,4,5,6

B) 2,4,5

C) 2,4,5,6

D) 1,4,6

E) 1,2,4,6

SaveQuestion 11 (1 point)

 

 

Receptor proteins

Question 11 options:

A) are located in the plasma membrane on the inner surface to receive molecules once they have passed through the membrane

B) has a receptor site for all water soluble materials which can not diffuse through the membrane

C) has an exposed receptor site on the outer surface which attaches to specific chemical signals

D) are located in the plasma membrane on the outer surface which attaches to all chemical signals

SaveQuestion 12 (1 point)

 

 

The difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis is

Question 12 options:

A) the rate of transportation

B) whether the particles are dissolved in a liquid and their size

C) the direction of transportation

D) the manner in which the vesicles fuse with the membrane

SaveQuestion 13 (1 point)

 

 

Cell membranes are primarily made of which of the following?

Question 13 options:

A) Cytoskeleton and lipid

B) Protein and lipid

C) Elastin and Collagen

D) Dense fibrous connective tissue

SaveQuestion 14 (1 point)

 

 

The best description of the modern model of the cell membrane is termed the:

Question 14 options:

A) phospholipid boundary model

B) fluid mosaic model

C) dynamic motion model

D) plasma membrane model

SaveQuestion 15 (1 point)

 

 

Which statement is NOT true about the saturation of a transport protein?

Question 15 options:

A) When the concentration of molecules outside the cell is low, the transport rate is low.

B) Transport rate increases when all the transport proteins are occupied and the number of molecules outside the cell is very large.

C) As the concentration difference between molecules outside the cell and inside the cell increases, the rate of transport increases and then levels off.

D) As long as transportation proteins are available, the transport rate will increase with an increase in the number of molecules outside the cell.

SaveQuestion 16 (1 point)

 

 

Which is NOT a way molecules and ions can pass through a plasma membrane?

Question 16 options:

A) exoendocytosis

B) facilitated diffusion

C) active transport

D) osmosis

SaveQuestion 17 (1 point)

 

 

Small pieces of matter, and even whole cells, can be transported across the plasma membrane in

Question 17 options:

A) membrane channels.

B) carrier molecules.

C) receptor molecules.

D) vesicles.

SaveQuestion 18 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following statements are true concerning transportation through the plasma membrane?

Question 18 options:

A) the plasma membrane is considered a permeable membrane, allowing all substances to pass through it using various transportation means

B) active transportation is required for substances to leave the cell

C) all non-lipid soluble molecules diffuse through membrane channels

D) lipid soluble molecules diffuse directly through the plasma membrane

SaveQuestion 19 (1 point)

 

 

Which statement(s) are correct? 

I-all membranes parts have their own unique, fixed position.

II-The plasma membrane of muscle cells is ALWAYS permeable to glucose.

III-The phospholipid bilayer is made up of approximately 85% lipid.

IV-Receptor proteins must be a type of peripheral or extrinsic proteins.

V-Epinephrine is a type of receptor in a cell membrane

VI-Simple diffusion is based on the fact that molecules are in constant, random motion. Because of collisions with each other, and anything else in the particles way, they eventually disperse- or are evenly distributed throughout the system.

Question 19 options:

A) I, IV, V

B) VI

C) I, II, III

D) III, IV

E) II

F) All of the above

SaveQuestion 20 (1 point)

 

 

You are observing a simple diffusion experiment of green food coloring being carefully added to the surface of two containers holding an equal volume of water, one at 0 degrees C and the other at 100 degrees C. Your original hypothesis is that because the food coloring is being added to the surface, it will be traveling down the concentration gradient in both cases. Therefore diffusion in both systems will be complete at the same time. Is your hypothesis correct or incorrect?

Question 20 options:

A) Correct, all substances naturally travel down their concentration gradients.

B) Incorrect, all substances naturally travel up their concentration gradients.

C) Incorrect, because of the increased speed and motion of the water particles in the 100 degree system it will finish diffusion much faster than the 0 degree system.

D) Correct, because there is an equal volume of water in each system it will take the same amount of time for diffusion to complete (time to diffuse is proportional to the square of the distance).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1) Placing celery sticks in fresh water will make them more turgid and harder. This is because _________.

Question 1 options:

A) Freshwater is hypertonic to the celery.

B) Freshwater is hypotonic to the celery.

C) Freshwater is isotonic to the celery.

D) Freshwater pulls water from the celery.

SaveQuestion 2 (1 point)

 

 

In primary active transport, how do ions move against their concentration gradients?

Question 2 options:

A) By using proteins that require ATP to function

B) Endocytosis

C) Protein Channels

D) By using osmosis and facilitated diffusion

SaveQuestion 3 (1 point)

 

 

The process of water diffusing into or out of a cell is called:

Question 3 options:

A) active transport

B) facilitated diffusion

C) phagocytosis

D) osmosis

SaveQuestion 4 (1 point)

 

 

Osmotic Pressure is defined as:

Question 4 options:

A) The pressure that is just sufficient to prevent a net movement of water across the membrane

B) The pressure that solutes put on an impermeable membrane when they try to leave

C) The pressure applied toat protein channels exert as they use ATP to "pump" water

D) The pressure that forces water from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration

SaveQuestion 5 (1 point)

 

 

Sodium acetate is a commonly used food preservative with the formula NaC2H3O2. This compound is soluble in water, dissolving to form two ions (Na+ and C2H3O2-). If 2 moles of sodium acetate were dissolved in 1 Liter of water, what would be the osmolarity of the resulting solution?

Question 5 options:

A) 4 M

B) 2 M

C) 1 M

D) 8 M

SaveQuestion 6 (1 point)

 

 

Galactose is a simple sugar which is insoluble in water. If 2 moles of galactose were dissolved in 1 Liter of water, what would be the osmolarity of the resulting solution?

Question 6 options:

A) 1 M

B) 8 M

C) 2 M

D) 4 M

SaveQuestion 7 (1 point)

 

 

Sodium acetate is a commonly used food preservative with the formula NaC2H3O2. This compound is soluble in water, dissolving to form two ions (Na+ and C2H3O2-). If 2 moles of sodium acetate were dissolved in 1 Liter of water, what would be the molarity of the resulting solution?

Question 7 options:

A) 1 M

B) 8 M

C) 4 M

D) 2 M

SaveQuestion 8 (1 point)

 

 

Which solution would be hypotonic to red blood cells?

Question 8 options:

A) 9% NaCl

B) 0.9% NaCl

C) 0.09% NaCl

D) 1.9% NaCl

SaveQuestion 9 (1 point)

 

 

Osmosis

Question 9 options:

A) is the diffusion of water from a greater to lessor concentration of solutes

B) requires a semi-permeable membrane

C) only occurs in isotonic solutions

D) all of the above are correct statements

SaveQuestion 10 (1 point)

 

 

Red blood cells would swell in which type of solution?

Question 10 options:

A) hypotonic

B) isotonic

C) hypertonic

D) hydrophilic

E) lipophilic

SaveQuestion 11 (1 point)

 

 

What type of fluid have the cells in picture "I" been placed in?

 

 

Question 11 options:

A) Hypotonic

B) Hypertonic

C) Isotonic

D) Tonic

SaveQuestion 12 (1 point)

 

 

After being shipwrecked and stranded on an island, you become thirsty and begin your search for fresh water. You soon discover that there isn't a single drop on the entire island. After three days your thirst is unbearable, and you drink exactly three cups of the bluest seawater you can find (seawater is hypertonic to body fluids). You would expect…

Question 12 options:

A) Cells in your intestines to shrink

B) Cells in you intestines to swell

C) To be thirsty again

D) To become rehydrated

E) A & D

F) B & C

G) A & C

H) B & D

SaveQuestion 13 (1 point)

 

 

For osmosis to occur, in a solution with only one type of solute, the membrane must be __________ to the solute, and the concentration of the solute must be _________ on the two sides of the membrane.

Question 13 options:

A) permeable, different

B) permeable, the same

C) impermeable, different

D) impermeable, the same

SaveQuestion 14 (1 point)

 

 

A hypoosmotic solution is used to check sperm membrane function. If the sperm cells are alive, what would the expected outcome be?

Question 14 options:

A) The cells would shrink

B) The cells would remain the same size

C) The cells would crenate

D) The cells would swell

SaveQuestion 15 (1 point)

 

 

Solution A is hyperosmotic to solution B. If solution A is separated from solution B by a selectively permeable membrane for water, which way will water move?

Question 15 options:

A) Water will move from solution A to solution B.

B) Water will move from solution B to solution A.

C) Water will not move..

SaveQuestion 16 (1 point)

 

 

Mannitol is a type of carbohydrate that does not easily cross a cell membrane (it is not a penetrating solute). Also, Mannitol has a molecular weight very near that of glucose. A doctor is thinking of giving a trauma patient with brain swelling an IV containing Mannitol. What percent of Mannitol could the IV contain to reduce brain swelling?

Question 16 options:

A) 10% Mannitol

B) 5% Mannitol

C) 3% Mannitol

D) 1% Mannitol

SaveQuestion 17 (1 point)

 

 

A cell is placed into a beaker containing sodium chloride dissolved in water. Water rushes out of the cell and it shrivels up. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the solution inside the beaker and the interior of the cell?

Question 17 options:

A) The solution was hyperosmotic with respect to the interior of the cell

B) The two solutions were isosmotic to one another

C) The solution was a 10% dextrose solution. 

D) The solution was Hyposmotic with respect to the interior of the cell

SaveQuestion 18 (1 point)

 

 

A solution with greater concentration of solute particles when compared to a more dilute solution has a ____________ osmotic pressure and is ________________.

Question 18 options:

A) Greater ; hyposmotic

B) Greater ; hyperosmotic

C) Lesser ; hyposmotic

D) Lesser ; hyperosmotic

SaveQuestion 19 (1 point)

 

 

A cell is placed into a beaker containing sodium chloride dissolved in water. Water rushes into the cell causing it to swell and ultimately burst. Which of the following terms best describes the solution inside the beaker compared to the interior of the cell?

Question 19 options:

A) Isosmotic

B) Hypotonic

C) Isotonic

D) Hypertonic

SaveQuestion 20 (1 point)

 

 

What would happen to the osmolarity and tonicity of the blood compared to red blood cells if pure water were administered in an IV in place of saline fluid?

Question 20 options:

A) The osmolarity of the blood would decrease and the blood would become hypotonic compared to red blood cells

B) The osmolarity of the blood would increase and the blood would become hypertonic compared to red blood cells

C) The osmolarity of the blood would decrease the blood would become hypertonic compared to red blood cells

D) The osmolarity of the blood would increase and the blood would become hypotonic compared to red blood cells

 

 

 

 

 

1)Concerning resting membrane potential, the inside of the membrane is _______ compared to the ________ charged outside.

Question 1 options:

A) positive, negatively

B) negative, positively.

C) Neutral, cyclically

D) AC (alternating current)

SaveQuestion 2 (1 point)

 

 

Resting cell membrane potential is reached when the inclination for one specific ion to diffuse out of the cell is balanced by opposite force attractions within the cell. What is the identity of this balanced ion?

Question 2 options:

A) Na+

B) K+

C) Cl-

D) Ca++

SaveQuestion 3 (1 point)

 

 

During resting membrane potential, the charge inside of a cell is _____ compared to the outside of the cell.

Question 3 options:

A) positive

B) negative

C) neutral

D) oscillating

SaveQuestion 4 (1 point)

 

 

Channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane are called _________

Question 4 options:

A) ligand-gated ion channels.

B) non-gated ion channels.

C) relegated ion channels.

D) voltage-gated ion channels.

E) obligated ion channels.

SaveQuestion 5 (1 point)

 

 

Graded potentials

Question 5 options:

A) result from a chemical signal binding to a receptor

B) is a change in the membrane potential that is localized to one area of the plasma membrane

C) may be due to temperature changes

D) can be either depolarizations or hyperpolarizations

E) all of the above

SaveQuestion 6 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following is true concerning leak channels?

Question 6 options:

A) They respond to changes in voltage across a membrane.

B) They respond to a ligand binding to its receptor protein.

C) They cause ion permeability in a resting membrane.

D) None of the above.

SaveQuestion 7 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following statements is correct regarding Na+ and K+ concentrations across a plasma membrane?

Question 7 options:

A) Concentrations of both K+ and Na+ ions are higher outside of a cell than they are on the inside of a cell.

B) Concentrations of both K+ and Na+ are higher inside of a cell than they are outside of a cell.

C) Concentrations of K+ are higher outside of a cell, whereas concentrations of Na+ are higher inside of a cell.

D) Concentrations of Na+ are higher outside of a cell, whereas concentrations of K+ are higher inside of a cell.

SaveQuestion 8 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a graded potential?

Question 8 options:

A) the size of the graded potential is inversely proportional to the strength of the stimulus

B) are conducted so that the magnitude decreases as they are spread over the plasma membrane

C) a depolarizing potential can cause an action potential

D) can cause depolarization or hyperpolarization dependent upon which ion has increased permeability

SaveQuestion 9 (1 point)

 

 

Which statement is true?

Question 9 options:

A) ATP is required to move Na+ extracellularly

B) Ca+ binding to specific ion channels stops the intracellular diffusion of Na+

C) Na+ relies on a specific type of ion channel for diffusion

D) All are true

E) Two are true

F) None are true

SaveQuestion 10 (1 point)

 

 

What is true regarding graded potentials?

Question 10 options:

A) They cannot be propagated for a very long distance

B) The magnitude of the response is proportional to the to the strength of the stimulus

C) They can summate, or add upon each other

D) They always precede an action potential

E) All are correct.

F) Three are correct

SaveQuestion 11 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following would cause the resting membrane potential of a neuron to move from: –85mv to –50mv?

1 - Increased permeability to K+ 

2 - Increased permeability to Na+ 

3 - Increased concentration of Na+ in the extracellular fluid

4 - Increased activity of the Na+/K+ pump

Question 11 options:

A) 1

B) 2

C) 1,2

D) 2,4

E) 1,3

F) 1,4

G) 1,2,3,4

SaveQuestion 12 (1 point)

 

 

If you increased the concentration of extracellular Na+ of a membrane at resting membrane potential, what would happen?

Question 12 options:

A) hyperpolarization

B) depolarization

C) hypopolarization

D) hardly any change in the membrane potential

E) more information is needed.

SaveQuestion 13 (1 point)

 

 

You are observing a simple diffusion experiment of green food coloring being carefully added to the surface of two containers holding an equal volume of water, one at 0 degrees C and the other at 100 degrees C. Your original hypothesis is that because the food coloring is being added to the surface, it will be traveling down the concentration gradient in both cases. Therefore diffusion in both systems will be complete at the same time. Is your hypothesis correct or incorrect?

Question 13 options:

A) Correct, all substances naturally travel down their concentration gradients.

B) Incorrect, all substances naturally travel up their concentration gradients.

C) Incorrect, because of the increased speed and motion of the water particles in the 100 degree system it will finish diffusion much faster than the 0 degree system.

D) Correct, because there is an equal volume of water in each system it will take the same amount of time for diffusion to complete (time to diffuse is proportional to the square of the distance).

SaveQuestion 14 (1 point)

 

 

If the plasma membrane becomes more permeable to K+, what effect will it have on the resting membrane potential?

Question 14 options:

A) Because the membrane is more permeable to K+, less K+ will diffuse out of the cell. The inside of the cell becomes less negative resulting in depolarization.

B) Because the membrane is more permeable to K+, more K+ will diffuse out of the cell. The inside of the cell becomes more negative resulting in hyperpolarization.

C) Because the membrane is more permeable to K+, less K+ will diffuse out of the cell. The inside of the cell becomes less negative and results in hyperpolarization.

D) Because the membrane is more permeable to K+, more K+ will diffuse out of the cell. The inside of the cell becomes less negative and results in depolarization.

SaveQuestion 15 (1 point)

 

 

If extracellular concentration of K+ increases, what will the effect be on the resting membrane potential?

Question 15 options:

A) The increase in extracellular K+ concentration will decrease the normal K+ gradient; because of this K+ has less of a tendency to diffuse out of the cell. The resting membrane potential becomes less negative (depolarizes).

B) The increase in extracellular K+ concentration will increase the normal K+ gradient; because of this K+ has more of a tendency to diffuse out of the cell. The resting membrane potential becomes more negative (hyperpolarizes).

C) The increase in extracellular K+ concentration will decrease the normal K+ gradient; because of this K+ has less of a tendency to diffuse out of the cell. The resting membrane potential becomes less negative (hyperpolarizes).

D) The increase in extracellular K+ will increase the normal K+ concentration gradient; because of this K+ has more of a tendency to diffuse out of the cell. The resting membrane potential becomes less negative (depolarizes).

SaveQuestion 16 (1 point)

 

 

If a plasma membrane becomes more permeable to K+ the charge difference across the plasma membrane will _________, or (AKA) _________.

Question 16 options:

A) increase, depolarize

B) increase, hyperpolarize

C) decrease, depolarize

D) decrease, hyperpolarize

SaveQuestion 17 (1 point)

 

 

The flu virus increases cellular membrane permeability to K+. You would expect the cells of someone suffering from the flu to _______.

Question 17 options:

A) repolarize

B) depolarize

C) hyperpolarize

D) more information is needed.

SaveQuestion 18 (1 point)

 

 

Which statement(s) are correct? 

I-all membranes parts have their own unique, fixed position.

II-The plasma membrane of muscle cells is ALWAYS permeable to glucose.

III-The phospholipid bilayer is made up of approximately 85% lipid.

IV-Receptor proteins must be a type of peripheral or extrinsic proteins.

V-Epinephrine is a type of receptor in a cell membrane

VI-Simple diffusion is based on the fact that molecules are in constant, random motion. Because of collisions with each other, and anything else in the particles way, they eventually disperse- or are evenly distributed throughout the system.

Question 18 options:

A) I, IV, V

B) VI

C) I, II, III

D) III, IV

E) II

F) All of the above

SaveQuestion 19 (1 point)

 

 

If you decreased concentration of K+ OUTSIDE (hypokalemia) of a resting membrane, you would induce:

Question 19 options:

A) depolarization

B) hyperpolarization

C) absolute refraction

D) repolarization

SaveQuestion 20 (1 point)

 

 

If a cell membrane became more permeable to Na+ what would happen to the resting membrane potential?

Question 20 options:

A) Na+ diffuses into the cell causing depolarization.

B) Na+ diffuses out of the cell causing depolarization.

C) Na+ diffuses out of the cell causing hyperpolarization.

D) Na+ diffuses out of the cell causing hyperpolarization.

 

 

 

 

1)During repolarization:

Question 1 options:

A) Na+ ions are diffusing intracellularly

B) Na+ ions are diffusing extracellularly

C) K+ ions are diffusing intracellularly

D) K+ ions are diffusing extracellularly

SaveQuestion 2 (1 point)

 

 

The "All-or-None" principle

Question 2 options:

A) states that all of the action potentials in a given cell are dependent upon the frequency of the stimulus

B) states that if the stimulus is weak, depolarization of the membrane will be weak and subsequently the action potential will be weak

C) whether the stimulus is just strong enough to reach threshold or if it is so strong to surpass the threshold, the action potential will proceed without stopping

D) none of the above

SaveQuestion 3 (1 point)

 

 

During depolarization, membrane permeability is greatly increased to which of the following ions?

Question 3 options:

A) Na+

B) K+

C) Cl-

D) Membrane permeability does not greatly increase for any ion during depolarization.

SaveQuestion 4 (1 point)

 

 

Voltage-gated Na+ channels are sensitive to changes in the extracellular concentration of what?

Question 4 options:

A) K+

B) proteins

C) Na+

D) Cl-

E) Ca++

SaveQuestion 5 (1 point)

 

 

During the course of the action potential, the membrane potential changes from

Question 5 options:

A) negative to positive to negative relative to the outside of the cell

B) positive to negative to positive relative to the outside of the cell

C) positive to negative to positive relative to the inside of the cell

D) negative to positive only relative to the inside of the cell

SaveQuestion 6 (1 point)

 

 

Opening of sodium gates typically leads to ________.

Question 6 options:

A) repolarization of the plasma membrane

B) hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane

C) depolarization of the plasma membrane

D) drifting of plasma membrane voltage toward a more negative value

E) plasma membrane voltage returning to the resting membrane potential

SaveQuestion 7 (1 point)

 

 

In repolarization of an action potential, certain voltage-gated channels open and certain voltage-gated channels close. This causes a(n)_______________ in sodium permeability and a(n) ______________ in potassium permeability of the membrane.

Question 7 options:

A) Increase; decrease

B) Decrease; increase

SaveQuestion 8 (1 point)

 

 

Which of the following word (phrase) pairs are correctly matched?

Question 8 options:

A) Neuromuscular Junction :: A type of electrical synapse

B) Threshold :: point where voltage gated K+ channels all open

C) Relative Refractory period :: An action potential is possible if most of the activation gates are closed

D) All of the above answers are correct

E) None of the above answers are correct

SaveQuestion 9 (1 point)

 

 

Action potentials are constant in ___________. (Hint: all-or-none principle)

Question 9 options:

A) Magnitude

B) Force

C) Speed

D) Distance

SaveQuestion 10 (1 point)

 

 

Depolarization

Question 10 options:

A) occurs as sodium rushes into the cell

B) is the last phase of an action potential

C) makes the charge inside the cell more negative

D) is due to potassium leaving the cell in large quantities

SaveQuestion 11 (1 point)

 

 

The change in permeability of the membrane is due to

Question 11 options:

A) a strong electrical or chemical stimulus that reaches or surpasses threshold

B) the opening and closing of voltage gated channels

C) the rapid diffusion of ions into and out of the cell

D) all of the above answers contribute to the change in the permeability of the membrane

SaveQuestion 12 (1 point)

 

 

During the depolarization phase, the permeability of the plasma membrane to:

Question 12 options:

A) Cl- increases

B) Cl- decreases

C) Na+ increases

D) Na+ decreases

E) K+ increases

F) K+ decreases

SaveQuestion 13 (1 point)

 

 

Which is true regarding the absolute refractory period?

Question 13 options:

A) it is possible to start another action potential, but only with an extremely strong stimulus

B) no stimulus, regardless of its strength, will trigger another action potential

C) it corresponds to depolarization and repolarization

D) it corresponds to hyperpolarization

E) B & C

F) A & D

SaveQuestion 14 (1 point)

 

 

Channels that open or close due to changes in the charge difference across the plasma membrane are called _________

Question 14 options:

A) chemically gated channels.

B) leak channels.

C) voltage-gated channels.

D) mechanical gated channels.

SaveQuestion 15 (1 point)

 

 

What is true regarding electrically excitable cells?

Question 15 options:

A) K+ channels close when Na+ channels open.

B) The Na+, K+ ATPase pump moves sodium into the cell.

C) Na+ channels open in response to depolarization.

D) High extracellular Ca++ levels cause ligand- gated Na+ channels to open.

E) Negatively charged proteins often diffuse out of the cell.

SaveQuestion 16 (1 point)

 

 

Imagine a cell that has no sodium/ potassium pumps (and has never had any sodium/ potassium pumps). Such a cell would be expected to have a resting membrane potential somewhere between "C" and "D".

 

 

Question 16 options:

A) True

B) False

SaveQuestion 17 (1 point)

 

 

When repolarization is complete, the _________.

Question 17 options:

A) K+ leak channels are closed

B) The cell is permeable to Na+

C) Cell no longer has a potential difference

D) The cell will be in its absolute refractory period

E) All of the above

SaveQuestion 18 (1 point)

 

 

Consider the picture below. Which stage of an action potential is depicted by B?

 

 

Question 18 options:

A) Hyperpolarization

B) Depolarization

C) Graded Potential

D) Repolarization

E) Threshold

F) Resting Membrane Potential

SaveQuestion 19 (1 point)

 

 

What happens as a local potential reaches threshold?

Question 19 options:

A) Na+ activation gates begin closing

B) Na+ inactivation gates begin opening

C) A positive feedback cycle begins where depolarization in one part of the membrane causes the nearby activation gates of Na+ Channels to open.

D) Two of the above

SaveQuestion 20 (1 point)

 

 

If a cell has never had a Na+ K+ ATP-ase pump, where would it be located on an action potential graph?

Question 20 options:

A) -75 mV

B) -10 mV

C) 0 mV

D) 40 mV

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Status NEW Posted 25 May 2017 02:05 AM My Price 20.00

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