42. Vast, circular to elliptical dark-colored smooth areas of the Moon are known as ________

Olympian fields.

Copernican steppes.

lunar maria.

lunar lava flats.

 

41. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

Stellar parallax should show if Earth shifts position over time.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

40. The largest known volcano in the solar system is ________.

Mauna Loa, Hawaii, on Earth

Maat Mons on Venus

Solfatara on Jupiter

Olympus Mons on Mars

 

39. The"celestial sphere"is a feature of the Ptolemaic model of a geocentric universe.

 True

 False

 

38. The planets have circular orbits around the Sun.

 True

 False

 

37. Most of the time, the planets appear to move eastward.  However, the occasional apparent westward "drift" of the planets compared to the background stars is called

Ptolemaic motion.

occulation.

precession.

retrograde motion.

 

36. Of the terrestrial planets, Mercury exhibits the greatest variation in surface temperatures.

 True

 False

 

35. Which planet has roving NASA robots on its surface?

Mars

Mercury

VenusÂ

UranusÂ

 

34. ________ are small, extraterrestrial particles that glow brightly and burn up as they travel through Earth's atmosphere.

Meteoroids

Moons

Meteorites

Asteroids

 

33. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

Jupiter has at least four satellites.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

32. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

The first law of motion is inertia, the natural tendency for a moving object that is unaffected by an outside force is to continue moving at a uniform speed and in a straight line.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

31. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

The Moon's surface is not a smooth glass sphere.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

30. How many astronomical units of distance lie between Earth and the Sun?

0.3

1.0

1.5

3.0

29. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

Venus exhibits phases just like the Moon does. Furthermore, Venus appears smallest when it is in full phase and thus is farthest from Earth.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

28. The first modern astronomer to propose a Sun-centered universe was ________.

Sir Isaac Newton

Galileo

Tycho Brahe

Nicolaus Copernicus

 

26. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

The Sun is at the center of the solar system, and Earth is just another planet.

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

25. When do most meteor showers occur?

with the passing of comets

with the passing of planets

with the passing of meteoritesÂ

with the passing of asteroidsÂ

 

24. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

The orbits of the planets are elliptical, and the speed of motion changes when the planets are

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

 

23. Which feature is located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter?

Kuiper Belt

Asteroid belt

Milky Way

Earth

 

22. What is the name of the process by which researchers gather facts through observations and formulate scientific hypotheses and theories?

observation method

scientific method

model testing framework

random analsis framework

none of these

 

21. Which scientist is associated with the below major astronomical discovery?

The Sun has sunspots; dark regions caused by slightly lower temperatures.

 

 

Galileo Galilei

Tycho Brahe

Sir Isaac Newton

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler