Resource Packet:
Should the US have resorted to nuclear warfare to end World War II?
Directions: The following packet contains the resources you may use to help you
prepare for the Socratic seminar. You will also have this resource packet to use as
evidence in your essay. This is yours to write on and we recommend annotating it as you
can have it with you during the seminar and essay writing. Source 1 Source 2: Dwight Eisenhower’s view on dropping the atomic bomb "In 1945
, Secretary
of War Stimson
visited
headquarters
“On
July... 17
world-shaking
news
had my
arrived.
In thein
Germany, [and] informed me that our government was preparing to drop afternoon Stimson called at my abode and laid before me a
an atomic bomb on Japan. I was one of those who felt that there were a sheet
of paper on which was written, "Babies satisfactorily
number of cogent reasons to question the wisdom of such an act.... During
born."
By his
manner
saw something
extraordinary
his recitation
of the
relevantI facts,
I had been conscious
of a feelinghad
of
depression
and"It
someans,"
I voiced to he
himsaid,"
my grave
misgivings,
first on the in
basis
of
happened.
that
the experiment
the
my belief that Japan was already defeated and that New Mexican desert has come off. The atomic bomb is a
reality."
Although we had followed this dire quest with
dropping the bomb was completely unnecessary, and second because I thought that our country
every
scrap
of information
imparted
we had
notemployment
been
should avoid
shocking
world opinion
by the useto
of us,
a weapon
whose
was, I thought,
no
longer
mandatory as
measure
to save
American
lives. the
It was
my belief
told
beforehand,
or aat
any rate
I did
not know,
date
of that Japan was, at
that very moment, seeking some way to surrender with a minimum loss of 'face.' The Secretary the decisive trial. No responsible scientist would predict was deeply perturbed by my attitude, almost angrily refuting the reasons I gave for my quick what
would happen when the first fullscale atomic
conclusions." explosion was tried. Were these bombs useless or were
Source 3: Winston Churchill’s view on dropping the atomic bomb
they annihilating? Now we knew. The "babies" had been
"satisfactorily born." No one could yet measure the
immediate military consequences of the discovery, and no
one has yet measured anything else about it.
Next morning a plane arrived with a full description of this
tremendous even in the human history. Stimson brought
me the report.... The President invited me to confer with
him forthwith. He had
Source 7
with him General Marshall and Admiral Leahy. Up to this moment we had
shaped our ideas towards an assault upon the homeland of Japan by terrific
air bombing and by the invasion of very large armies. We had contemplated
the desperate resistance of the Japanese fighting to the death with Samurai
devotion, not only in pitched battles, but in every cave and dug-out. I had in
my mind the spectacle of Okinawa island, where many thousands of
Japanese, rather than surrender, had drawn up in a line and destroyed
themselves by hand-grenades after their leaders had solemnly performed
the rite of harakiri . To quell the Japanese resistance man by man and
conquer the country yard by yard might well require the loss of a million

 

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