1. Obtain a large sheet of paper on which to construct a phylogenetic tree for the caminalcules.  
2. Use a meter stick to draw 20 equally spaced horizontal lines on the paper. 

• Use each line to indicate an interval of one million years. 
• Label each line so that the one at the bottom of the paper represents an age of 19 million years and the top line represents the present (0 years). 

1. Download the caminalcules Handout and cut out all the caminalcules (including the living species).
2. Put them in piles according to their age (the number in parentheses indicates age in millions of years).  
3. Beginning with the oldest fossils, arrange the caminalcules on the tree according to their evolutionary relationship. Remember, the oldest forms are at the bottom of the tree. 

Hints, Suggestions and Warnings

1. Use a pencil to faintly draw lines indicating the path of evolution. Only after you are sure of the correctness of your tree should you glue the figures in place and darken the lines.
2. Branching should involve only two lines at a time: 

 

1. Some living forms are also found in the fossil record.
2. There are gaps in the fossil record for some lineages. Also, some species went extinct without leaving any descendants.
3. The caminalcules numbering is random; the numbers provide no clues to evolutionary relationships.
4. There is only one correct phylogenetic tree in this exercise. This is because of the way that Joseph Camin derived his imaginary animals. He started with the most primitive form (#73) and gradually modified it using a process that mimics evolution in real organisms. After you complete your phylogeny, compare it with Camin's original found in the course content.

 

CAN YOU PLEASE HELP ME DO THIS PHYLOGENETIC TREE I HAVE BEEN STUCK ON THIS DAYS!

• 1496986686-Caminalcules_to_print_and_cut.docx

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