Amanda Ciccone
Humn 303
Study Guide 2
Chapters 5,6,7,8,10, and 11
1. Define: Feudalism, the Crusades, Chivalric Code,
Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Flying buttresses,
Mannerism, Baroque, Miniature Tradition, The
reformation, Absolutism, The Counter Reformation,
Rococo, The Enlightenment, The Council of Trent. Feudalism: The economic system that prevailed in medieval Europe;
it was related to the Roman custom of patronage and was based on
land tenure and the relationship between the tenant and the
landowner.
The Crusades: Religious wars that were sanctioned by the Latin
church during the medieval times and campaigned in the eastern
Mediterranean to take the holy land from Islamic rule. It also applied
to church sanctioned campaigns to combat paganism, to resolve
conflict against the rival roman catholic groups, to gain political
control or take a territory.
Chivalric code: The code of conduct for a knight: courage in battle,
loyalty to his lord and peers, and courtesy toward women.
Romanesque: Descend from roman or in the manner of Romans used
to describe a style of architecture that has elements from the Roman
Basilica Nova.
Gothic: A style of architecture and decoration prevalent in the twelfth
through fifteenth centuries in northern Europe, where, it was
believed, classical traditions had been destroyed by Germanic
invaders called Goths.
Rennaissance: A period in European history, from the 14-17th century
known as the cultural bridge between the middle ages and modern
history. It was a cultural movement in Italy and spread across Europe.
Flying buttress: A stone structure that extends from a wall and
employs an arch to focus the strength of the butress’s support at the
top of the wall
Mannerism: Means style, specifically a type of beautiful and abrasive
style. It emerged in Italy from the high renaissance 1520-1580. Stylistically mannerism encompasses influential artists Leonardo da
Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo.
Baroque: A period of artistic style succeeding the Mannerism period
that used exaggerated motion and easily interpreted detail to depict
drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur. It was used in sculpture,
painting, architecture, literature, dance, theatre, and music. The style
began in Italy around 1600 and spread across Europe. The popularity
was encouraged by the Catholic Church.
Miniature Tradition: Is a Persian miniature small painting on paper,
whether a book illustration or a separate work of art intended to be
kept in an album of such works called a muraqqa.
The Reformation: A 16th-century movement for the reform of
abuses in the Roman Catholic Church ending in the establishment of
the Reformed and Protestant Churches.
Absolutism: A term applied to strong, centralized monarchies that
exert royal power over their dominions, usually on the grounds of
divine right.
The Counter Reformation: Is called the Catholic Reformation or the
Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in
response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of
Trent and ending at the Thirty Years’ War. It was composed of five
major elements: Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental
practice, Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration, Religious orders,
Spiritual movements, and Political dimensions.
Rococo: The highly decorative and ornate style employed by the
French court that was quickly emulated by royal courts across
Europe, especially in Germany.
The Enlightenment: Also known, as the Age of Reason was an
intellectual and philosophical movement, which dominated the world
of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, The Century of
Philosophy.
The Council of Trent: One of the Roman Catholic Church’s most
important councils of ecclesial dignitaries and theology experts. It was
held between 1545-1563 in Trento and Bologna Italy. 2. List the similarities and difference between a Romanesque
Church and a Gothic Cathedral.
3. Summarize the book’s comments on the Rise of the
University.
4. What does the book have to say about Growing
Naturalism? 5. Discuss the Renaissance in terms of how it affected
Florence, Rome, and Venice.
6. Summarize the book’s comments on art, commerce, and
merchant patronage.
7. Discuss Durer in terms of his art and how he and his art
represented the new way of thinking brought about by the
Reformation.
8. Summarize the book’s comments on Martin Luther and the
Reformation.
9. Summarize the book’s comments on the English
Enlightenment.
10.
Discuss Bacon, Descartes, and Newton in terms of the
relationship and contributions to the New Rationalism and
the Scientific Revolution.
11.
Summarize the book’s comments on the French
Enlightenment.
12.
Summarize the book’s comments on The Industrial
Revolution.
13.
What does the book have to say about the Rise of the
English Novel?

 

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