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How many inferences are made in a complex argument?

Select one:

a. more than one

b. one

c. two

d. none

e. a and c

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Identify the premise and conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

According to Plato, the good is that which furthers a person’s real interests. It follows, then, that in any given case when the good is known, a person will seek it.

According to Plato, the good is that which furthers a person’s real interests.

Answer 1

In any given case when the good is known, a person will seek it.

Answer 2

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Identify the premises and conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Homework stifles the thrill of learning in the mind of the student. It instills an oppressive learn-or-else discipline. It extinguishes the desire for knowledge and the love of truth. For these reasons, homework should never be assigned.

Homework stifles the thrill of learning in the mind of the student.

Answer 1

It instills an oppressive learn-or-else discipline.	Answer 2
It extinguishes the desire for knowledge and the love of truth.	Answer 3
Homework should never be assigned.	Answer 4

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Identify the premises and conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Society values white lives more than black lives. This is clear from the fact that killers of whites are much more likely to be sentenced to death than killers of blacks. Of the 1788 people currently on death row, 1713 were convicted of killing a white person. Yet blacks are six times more likely to be murder victims than whites are. In Florida, no one has ever been executed for murdering a black person. But, dozens have been executed for murdering white people.

Society values white lives more than black lives.

Answer 1

Killers of whites are much more likely to be sentenced to death than killers of blacks.	Answer 2
Of the 1788 people currently on death row, 1713 were convicted of killing a white person.	Answer 3
Blacks are six times more likely to be murder victims than whites are.	Answer 4
In Florida, no one has ever been executed for murdering a black person.	Answer 5
Dozens have been executed for murdering white people.	Answer 6

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Pick the correct combination and order of premise(s) and conclusion(s) below to correctly fill in the blanks in the given argument:

__________ . Thus, __________ .

Select one:

a. conclusion, conclusion

b. conclusion, premise

c. premise, premise

d. premise, conclusion

e. none of the above

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Pick the correct combination and order of premise(s) and conclusion(s) below to correctly fill in the blanks in the given argument:

For the reasons that __________ , ___________ , ___________ , it follows ___________ .

Select one:

a. premise, conclusion, premise, conclusion

b. premise, premise, premise, conclusion

c. conclusion, premise, premise, premise

d. conclusion, conclusion, conclusion, premise

e. none of the above

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Pick the correct combination and order of premise(s) and conclusion(s) below to correctly fill in the blanks in the given argument:

___________ given that ____________ .

Select one:

a. premise, premise

b. premise, conclusion

c. conclusion, conclusion

d. conclusion, premise

e. none of the above

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Determine whether the argument below is simple or complex:

"Killing an innocent adult human being is wrong primarily because of what it takes from the victim: their future. So, murdering an innocent adult human being is wrong. It follows, also, that killing a fetus is wrong."

Select one:

a. simple

b. complex

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A statement/claim/proposition is:

Select one:

a. a truth-functional sentence

b. can act as support for a conclusion in an argument

c. can be supported by other claims in an argument

d. b and c

e. all of the above

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Which of the following are components of an argument:

Select one:

a. inferences

b. premises

c. conclusions

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

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Simple arguments can have multiple conclusions.

Select one:

True

False

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Questions and commands are admissible in an argument.

Select one:

True

False

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Identify the conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and federal income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal immigrants contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.

Select one:

a. It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.

b. They work for low salaries ... these employers pay.

c. Illegal immigrants pay ... Social Security tax.

d. They also purchase items ... pay in taxes.

e. none of the above

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Identify the conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Some over-the-counter medicines should not be given to very young children. For example, cold medicines contain decongestants and antihistamines. These substances raise blood pressure and heart rate. If an overdose should occur in a young child, the result can be fatal.

Select one:

a. Some over-the-counter medicines ... very young children.

b. These substances raise blood pressure and heart rate.

c. If an overdose ... the result can be fatal.

d. Cold medicines contain decongestants and antihistamines.

e. none of the above

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Identify the conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Scientists have recently shown that heaps of intact DNA from the extinct wooly mammoth are retrievable from the animals' fur. A great deal of that fur is readily available in natural history museums. Such amounts of DNA make it possible to piece together the entire mammoth genome. Hence, we can expect to see mammoth clones in the not too distant future.

Select one:

a. A great deal of that fur ... natural history museums.

b. Scientists have recently shown ... animals' fur.

c. We can expect to see ... in the not too distant future.

d. Such amounts of DNA ... the entire mammoth genome.

e. none of the above

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Identify the conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

The rate at which a light bulb uses energy (converts electrical energy to light and heat) is usually printed on it--for example, "100 watts." A watt is a unit of power, which describes the rate of energy use. A power of 1 watt means that 1 joule of energy is being used each second. Hence, for every second that you leave a 100-watt light bulb turned on, you will have to pay the utility company for 100 joules of energy.

Select one:

a. The rate at which a light bulb ... printed on it.

b. For every second ... 100 joules of energy.

c. A power of 1 watt ... used each second.

d. A watt is a unit of power ... rate of energy use.

e. none of the above

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Identify the conclusion in the argument in the following passage:

Capitalism tends to stratify society. Those who are successful are respected and rewarded. Those who are not are abandoned as failures. The net result is that society becomes hierarchical. This is an elitist circumstance thought desirable by people on the right.

Select one:

a. Those who are successful are respected and rewarded.

b. The net result is that society becomes hierarchical.

c. This is an elitist circumstance ... on the right.

d. Capitalism tends to stratify society.

e. none of the above

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Which of the following are all conclusion indicators?

Select one:

a. As a result, it follows that, given that.

b. Accordingly, because, as indicated by.

c. Given that, for, seeing that.

d. Hence, thus, so.

e. Thus, implies that, because.

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Which of the following are all premise indicators?

Select one:

a. Hence, thus, implies that.

b. Accordingly, seeing that, inasmuch as.

c. Since, for, because.

d. As, consequently, because.

e. For the reason that, in that, therefore.

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The date today is February 12^th, 2017.

Select one:

True

False