Glass cleaner
When I was in grade 8, my calss voted for me to be a sanitary leader. My mission that giving
the chance to my friends to keep my class always clean and shinny. For the first time, my works
waere very ahrd becaue the board and tables had some dirtes couldn’t remove, I used my whole
strength just to do that. Day by day I though that I need some help, I asked my chem teacher because I thought she would gave me some chemical substance to finish my works easily. Suprisingly,
she said I have to research for my own, I used internet for 1 week I knwo how to make a glass
cleaner. The rest of years, it wasn’t a difficluty in my jobs. I currently have chance to research about
my “power” in the past in this year thanks to this experiment.
Glass cleaners have a tough job. They have to dissolve dirt and grime, leave a surface shiny,
and most importantly, they have to do it all without leaving films. Glass cleaners usually contain
solvents that adhere to the glass surface and lift away dirt and grime, providing shiny surfaces extra
sparkle .This highly efficient combination helps to easily clean surfaces without leaving the strakes
that appears in our mirrors and windows. The formulation of glass clenaer is based on the use of
isopropyl alcohol that is an effective oil remover. Isopropyl Alcohol is also used to clean paint work
after polishing to remove all residues left on the surface. The Isopropyl Alcohol based glass cleaner
also contains certain agents and is soluble in water, that makes it made as a concentrate. Isopropyl
Alcohol based glass cleaners evaporate when exposed to sun or air.
Since the isopropyl soluble in water, so I want to know more about that different concentrations of reacts with different columne of water which is known the most common solvent and extremely polar, many organic no solubility in water. By far the most widely used polar solvents are
the oxygenated solvents such as alcohol. Adjusts pH to optimize cleaning performance and contributes to suspending soils. If adding the white Vinegar to ispropyl alcohol, the reaction would
have the Propyl Ethanoate and water .
White Vinegar + Isopropyl alcohol -> Propyl Ethanoate and Water 5 CH3COOH + 30 C3H7OH —> 20 CH3COOC3H7 + 3 H2O.
This reaction we called it esters which are produced when carboxylic acids are heated with alcohols
in the presence of an acid catalyst. And esterification requires an additional acid catalyst, preferably
a strong, dessicating acid like C6H8O7. If adding the white Vinegar to ispropyl alcohol, the reaction
would have the Propyl Ethanoate and water. The glass cleaners work on the following principle and
chemical reaction:
Hypothesis
The glass cleaners are expected to wipe all dust, paint and oils from the screens when used
to wash. The isopropyl alcohol based liquids will remove the dust, paint and oils faster than the other cleaners. The pH of lemon juice is about 2, and the vinegar has a pH balance of about 3. The neutral water makes the substance a less acidic—around 5 or 6.5 on the pH scale—so that it is neutral
than normal glass cleaner.(pH=8)
Research questions
How does the concentration of reactants would affect the effectiveness pH of the glass
cleaning agent?
Materials
• 100ml Vinegar (CH3COOH) • 100ml of water (H2O) • 100ml of Isopropyl alcohol (C3H7OH) • 75ml Lemon juice (C6H8O7 ) that will act as Catalyst beaker • pH meter • Dirty beaker • timer or stop watch Method • Measure pH and concentration of all reactants and record in the table before you be- gin the experiment.
• Measure and add 20ml Vinegar into the glass beaker provided • Measure about 20 ml of water, place in a cup and add 20ml cup of Isopropyl alcohol. • Immediately the reaction will rinse out the measuring beaker • Add 15ml of lemon juice (C6H8O7) • Mix all of the reactants for 2 minutes • Then measure pH and concentration after all the reactants have reacted. • Repeat the experiment two times and record the results in the table. +First we use 30mL CH3COOH with 15mL of C3H7OH and 50mL Water
mL Concentration of
CH3COOH Concentration of
C3H7OH Concentration of Water 30m L 0.002 * * 10mL * 0.0028 * 50mL * * 0.0036 pH 1st Dial 2nd Dial 3rd Dial 4th Dial 5th Dial 2.5 2.44 2.87 2.61 2.65 20mL of
C3H7OH 2.56 4.98 2.74 3.21 3.12 50mL of
Water 6.51 6.78 6.79 6.94 6 30mL of
CH3COOH First
pH of
products of Second
5.5 Third
6 Fourth
6.5 Fifth 5.8 5.78 pH 30mL of CH3COOH
pH 50mL of Water pH 15ml of C3H7OH
pH of product 7
5.25
3.5
1.75
0
0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 + Second we use 20mL CH3COOH with 20mL of C3H7OH and 20mL of Water
mL Concentration of CH3COOH 20mL pH Concentration of
C3H7OH 0.003 1st Dial Concentration of Water 0.0028 2nd Dial 3rd Dial 0.0096 4th Dial 5th Dial 2.82 1.71 2.54 2.44 2.78 20mL of
C3H7OH 5.92 4.48 4.84 4.52 4.53 20mL of
Water 6.5 6.55 7.18 6.76 6.77 20mL of
CH3COOH First
pH of
products of Second
4.88 Third
3.85 Fourth 4.76 Fifth 5.12 5.25 pH 20mL of CH3COOH
pH 20mL of Water pH 20ml of C3H7OH
pH of product 8
6
4
2
0
0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 +Third 20mL CH3COOH with 15mL of C3H7OH and 30mL Water mL Concentration of
CH3COOH Concentration of
C3H7OH Concentration of Water 30m L * * 0.0064 20mL 0.003 * * 15mL * 0.004 * pH 1st Dial 2nd Dial 3rd Dial 4th Dial 5th Dial 3.41 2.58 2.23 2.44 2.7 20mL of
C3H7OH 5.15 3.13 3.21 3.11 3.32 15mL og
Water 6.41 6.5 6.76 7.2 6.8 30mL of
CH3COOH First
pH of
products of Second
6.14 Third
6.06 Fourth
6.51 Fifth 6.51 6.22 pH 20mL of CH3COOH
pH 30mL of Water pH 15ml of C3H7OH
pH of product 8
6
4
2
0
0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 + Fourth 10mL CH3COOH with 30mL of C3H7OH and 20mL Water mL Concentration of
CH3COOH Concentration of
C3H7OH Concentration of Water 30m L * 0.003 * 20mL * * 0.0096 10mL 0.006 * * pH 1st Dial 2nd Dial 3rd Dial 4th Dial 5th Dial 30mL of
CH3COOH 3.51 2.84 3.32 3.23 3.12 20mL of
C3H7OH 4.81 5.64 3.5 3.44 3.5 15mL of
Water 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 First
pH of
products of Second
5.41 Third 6.6 Fourth 6.76 Fifth 6.66 6.63 pH 10mL of CH3COOH
pH 20mL of Water pH 30ml of C3H7OH
pH of product 7
5.25
3.5
1.75
0
0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 +Fifth 20mL CH3COOH with 10mL of C3H7OH and 70mL Water mL Concentration of
CH3COOH Concentration of
C3H7OH Concentration of Water 70m L * * 0.00257 20mL 0.003 * * 10mL * 0.006 * pH 1st Dial 2nd Dial 3rd Dial 4th Dial 5th Dial 2.31 2.4 3.54 3.14 3.18 20mL of
C3H7OH 6.41 3.6 4.5 3.24 3.15 15mL of
Water 6.65 7.32 7 6.87 7 30mL of
CH3COOH First
pH of
products of Second
7.23 Third 7.33 Fourth 7.21 Fifth 7.2 7.3 pH 20mL of CH3COOH
pH 70mL of Water pH 10ml of C3H7OH
pH of product 8
6
4
2
0
0 1.25 2.5 3.75 5 Variables:
Dependent
• Concentration of reactant Independent
• volume of the reactants; vinegar, lemon juice and isopropyl alcohol Controlled variable
• surface area of the dirty beaker Safety information:
+ Always label the contents, label them clearly in Name of content. ”Vinegar Glass
Cleaner," or "Isopropyl Alcohol and Vinegar Glass Cleaner,” with the date clearly. It is also wise to
add the date when you mixed the ingredients.
+ You have to wear long pants and shoes instead of shorts and sandals. Use the pipette to
take the acid.
Analysis: As the concentration of the reactants is increased the rate of reaction increases, this causes
the dirt on the glass beaker to be removed at a faster rate. At first when the vinegar is added to the
beaker, no reaction happens and nothing is observed, upon addition of the isopropyl alcohol, a reaction is seen in the beaker and the beaker is cleaned.
Water contains calcium carbonate and therefore cannot effectively was the glass alone.
Vinegar which is acetic acid when it comes in contact with calcium carbonate in water, a chemical
reaction occurs. The first thing that happens is the protonation of the carbonate part of the calcium
carbonate by acetic acid to make carbonic acid.
2H+ + CO32+ => H2CO3
Along with the protonation, calcium reacts with the acetic acid to form calcium acetate as
below;
2CH3COOH + CaCO3 -> H2CO3 + Ca(CH3COO)2
Addition of isopropyl alcohol neutralizes the acidity of both the carbonic acid and the remaining
acetic acid to cause the cleaning of the glass beaker.
H2CO3 + C3H7OH —> CHCOOC3H7 + H2O and
5 CH3COOH + 30 C3H7OH —> 20 CH3COOC3H7 + 3 H2O
Addition of the last ingredient, lemon juice clears all the dirt from the beaker. This shows that the
lemon juice acts as the catalyst to speed up the reaction of vinegar and the lemon juice according to
the following chemical reaction.
5 CH3COOH + 30 C3H7OH —> 20 CH3COOC3H7 + 3 H2O
In the conclusion, The higher the concentration of the reagents causes the reaction to be faster and thus the faster the cleaning of the glass beaker. Addition of a catalyst increases the speed of the
reaction and hence cleans the surface of the beaker quickly. Isopropyl alcohol based cleaners are the
based when it comes to cleaning of the glasses. They are easily removed and dry faster than other
cleaners. The Isopropyl Alcohol based glass cleaner also contains certain agents and is soluble in water, that makes it made as a concentrate. Isopropyl Alcohol based glass cleaners evaporate when
exposed to sun or air.

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