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a. 2. New in 6e: The side chain groups of amino acids are bonded to which carbon?
b. a) The -carbon.
c. b) The -carbon.
d. c) The carbonyl carbon.
e. d) Different amino acids have their side chains attached to different carbons.
f. 3. Chiral objects
g. a) are cyclic compounds in the chair form.
h. b) are not superimposable on their mirror images.
i. c) never occur in nature.
j. d) do not form crystals.
k. 4. Stereoisomers are
l. a) molecules with a well defined three-dimensional shape
m. b) molecules with very little free rotation around single bonds
n. c) nonsuperimposable mirror-image molecules
o. d) compounds with more than three carbon atoms
p. 5. Modified from 5e: The absolute configuration of amino acids are denoted by their relationship to the L- or D- forms of
q. a) glyceraldehyde
r. b) glucose
s. c) tartaric acid
t. d) alanine
u. 6. New in 6e: The amino acids which occur in proteins
v. a) are all of the L- form.
w. b) are all of the D- form.
x. c) can be either the L- or D- form.
y. d) do not have L- and D- forms.
Individual Amino Acids: Their Structures and Properties
a. 7. Which of the following is an amino acid not found in proteins?
b. a) asparagine
c. b) ornithine
d. c) isoleucine
e. d) proline
f. 8. Which amino acid has the one-letter symbol E?
g. a) lysine
h. b) phenylalanine
i. c) histidine
j. d) glutamic acid
k. 9. New in 6e: Which amino acid has the three-letter symbol asn?
l. a) aspartic acid
m. b) asparagine
n. c) alanine
o. d) arginine
p. 10. New in 6e: Which is a correct pair of abbreviations for an amino acid?
q. a) Gln / N
r. b) Tyr / T
s. c) Asn / N
t. d) Phe / P
u. e) Pro / Q
v. 11. Which amino acid has a benzene-like ring?
w. a) Glutamic Acid
x. b) Histidine
y. c) Isoleucine
z. d) Serine
aa. e) Tyrosine
bb. 12. Modified from 5e: Which amino acid is classified as polar?
cc. a) L
dd. b) H
ee. c) P
ff. d) I
gg. 13. Which group consists only of amino acids with polar side chains?
hh. a) serine, threonine, and leucine
ii. b) serine, threonine, and cysteine
jj. c) serine, threonine, and valine
kk. d) serine, threonine, and isoleucine
ll. 14. Modified from 5e: Asn has a hydrophilic side chain.
mm. a) True
nn. b) False
oo. 15. The side chain of Leu can hydrogen bond to other residues.
pp. a) True
qq. b) False
rr. 16. Modified from 5e: Asp and Glu both have amides as side chains.
ss. a) True
tt. b) False
uu. 17. New in 6e: Thr and Ser both have hydroxyls as side chains.
vv. a) True
ww. b) False
xx. 18. Modified from 5e: The side chain of Met is a poor hydrogen bond donor.
yy. a) True
zz. b) False
aaa. 19. Which group consists only of amino acids with carboxylate side chains?
bbb. a) glutamate and cysteine
ccc. b) aspartate and glycine
ddd. c) glutamate and lysine
eee. d) aspartate and glutamate
fff. 20. Which group consists only of amino acids with basic side chains?
ggg. a) leucine and lysine
hhh. b) arginine and leucine
iii. c) lysine and arginine
jjj. d) arginine and isoleucine
kkk. 21. Which amino acids contain sulfur?
lll. a) cysteine and lysine
mmm.b) cysteine and methionine
nnn. c) arginine and methionine
ooo. d) cysteine and isoleucine
ppp. 22. Modified from 5e: Which amino acid takes on a negative charge when the R-group loses a proton?
qqq. a) Glutamic Acid
rrr. b) Histidine
sss. c) Glutamine
ttt. d) Tyrosine
uuu. e) Glutamic Acid and Tyrosine
vvv.23. New in 6e: Which amino acid takes on a positive charge when the R-group gains a proton?
www. a) Glutamic Acid
xxx.b) Histidine
yyy.c) Glutamine
zzz.d) Tyrosine
aaaa. e) Glycine
bbbb. 24. Given the R-groups in the peptide, ALA-GLN-ARG-SER-HIS, it would likely be:
cccc. a) Very water soluble
dddd. b) Somewhat water soluble
eeee. c) Not very water soluble
ffff. d) Not soluble at all
gggg. e) You cannot tell from the sequence
hhhh. 25. Which amino acid is often added to other molecules to increase their water solubility?
iiii. a) Ala
jjjj. b) Asp
kkkk. c) Gly
llll. d) Pro
mmmm. e) Trp
nnnn. 26. Which amino acid has a polar, non-ionic R-group
oooo. a) Glutamic Acid
pppp. b) Histidine
qqqq. c) Isoleucine
rrrr. d) Serine
ssss. e) Tyrosine
tttt. 27. Which amino acid has an R-group which contains only C and H?
uuuu. a) Glutamic Acid
vvvv. b) Histidine
wwww. c) Isoleucine
xxxx. d) Serine
yyyy. e) Tyrosine
zzzz. 28. Which amino acid would be most water-soluble at pH = 7.0?
aaaaa. a) Glutamic Acid
bbbbb. b) Histidine
ccccc. c) Isoleucine
ddddd. d) Serine
eeeee. e) Tyrosine
fffff.29. Which amino acid would likely be least water-soluble at pH 7.0
ggggg. a) Histidine
hhhhh. b) Isoleucine
iiiii.c) Isoleucine or Tyrosine, you cannot tell
jjjjj.d) Serine
kkkkk. e) Tyrosine
lllll.30. New in 6e: Uncommon amino acids found in proteins are typically derived from a common acid modified after protein synthesis. (True)
mmmmm. a) True
nnnnn. b) False
ooooo. 31. Modified from 5e: Which statement is true about the classification of amino acids?
ppppp. a) Alanine and valine are basic amino acids.
qqqqq. b) Lysine and arginine are acidic amino acids.
rrrrr. c) Glutamic acid and asparagine are hydrophobic amino acids.
sssss. d) Tryptophan and phenylalanine are aromatic amino acids.
ttttt.e) Methionine and cysteine are hydroxyl-containing amino acids.
uuuuu. 32. Which amino acid has a basic R group?
vvvvv. a) Glutamic Acid
wwwww. b) Histidine
xxxxx. c) Isoleucine
yyyyy. d) Serine
zzzzz. e) Tyrosine
aaaaaa. 33. Which of the following amino acids have aromatic groups in their side chains?
bbbbbb. a) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan
cccccc. b) alanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan
dddddd. c) phenylalanine, lysine, and tyrosine
eeeeee. d) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and methionine
Acid-Base Properties
a. 34. Which amino acids would migrate furthest toward the cathode (negative electrode) during electrophoresis?
b. a) Aspartic acid.
c. b) Arginine.
d. c) Tyrosine.
e. d) Histidine.
f. e) Glutamine.
g. 35. What is the charge on the tetrapeptide lys-lys-his-glu at pH 7?
h. a) 0
i. b) +1
j. c) +2
k. d) -1
l. 36. The pKa values of the carboxyl groups of common amino acids are around
m. a) pH 2
n. b) pH 5
o. c) pH 5
p. d) pH 9
q. 37. The pKa values of the side chains of the common amino acids
r. a) are always at low pH
s. b) are always at high pH
t. c) depend on the chemical nature of the side chain
u. d) are not known
v. 38. The pKa values of the amino groups of common amino acids
w. a) occur at very low pH values
x. b) occur in a range from pH 9 to pH 11
y. c) all occur at pH 8
z. d) all occur above pH 12
aa. 39. The isoelectric pH of glycine is closest to
bb. a) pH 4
cc. b) pH 6
dd. c) pH 8
ee. d) pH 10
ff. 40. New in 6e: Which of the following correctly lists the isoelectric pH's of asp, asn, and arg from lowest to highest?
gg. a) D N R
hh. b) D R N
ii. c) R N D
jj. d) R D N
kk. e) N R D
ll. f) N D R
mm. 41. New in 6e: Which of the following amino acids has a net charge of +1 at pH 4 and a net charge of 0 at pH 8?
nn. a) glu
oo. b) arg
pp. c) his
qq. d) tyr
rr. 42. The net charge on the amino acid cys in a solution at pH 7 is closest to
ss. a) -2
tt. b) -1.
uu. c) 0.
vv. d) +1.
ww. 43. Modified from 5e: What is the predominant form of the amino acid abbreviated R at pH 7?
xx. a) positive
yy. b) neutral
zz. c) negative
aaa. 44. Modified from 5e: What is the predominant form of the amino acid abbreviated val at pH 7?
bbb. a) positive
ccc. b) neutral
ddd. c) negative
eee. 45. Modified from 5e: What is the predominant form of the amino acid abbreviated E at pH 7?
fff. a) positive
ggg. b) neutral
hhh. c) negative
iii. 46. What is the predominant form of the amino acid abbreviated his at pH 7?
jjj. a) positive
kkk. b) neutral
lll. c) negative
Exhibit 3A for this chapter:
Amino acid -carboxyl group pKa -amino group pKa R-group pK
Ala 2.3 9.7
Arg 2.2 9.0 12.5
Asn or Gln 2.1 9.0
Asp or Glu 2.2 9.8 4.0
Cys 1.7 10.8 8.3
His 1.8 9.2 6.0
Ser 2.2 9.2
Tyr 2.1 9.1 10.1
a. 47. Referring to exhibit 3A: The pI of an amino acid is the pH at which it has a zero net charge. What is the increasing order of isoelectric points (low pH to high) for these three amino acids?
b. a) ALA, HIS, ASP
c. b) ASP, ALA, HIS
d. c) HIS, ALA, ASP
e. d) ALA, ASL, HIS
f. e) ASP, HIS, ALA
g. 48. Referring to exhibit 3A: Which of these amino acids could act as a good buffer at pH = 4.5
h. a) Alanine
i. b) Arginine
j. c) Asparagine
k. d) Cysteine
l. e) Aspartic Acid
m. 49. Referring to exhibit 3A: Which one has the R-group with the highest pK?
n. a) Alanine
o. b) Arginine
p. c) Histidine
q. d) Cysteine
r. e) Aspartic Acid
s. 50. Referring to exhibit 3A: Calculate the pI of ASN:
t. a) 2.5
u. b) 5.0
v. c) 5.5
w. d) 6.0
x. e) 10.7
y. 51. Referring to exhibit 3A: What is the order of the pIs in increasing order (from acid to base)?
z. a) Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Cysteine, and Aspartic Acid
aa. b) Aspartic Acid, Alanine, Asparagine, Cysteine, and Arginine
bb. c) Aspartic Acid, Cysteine, Asparagine, Alanine, and Arginine
cc. d) Arginine, Alanine, Asparagine, Cysteine, and Aspartic Acid
dd. e) Aspartic Acid, Cysteine, Arginine, Alanine, and Asparagine,
ee. 52. Referring to exhibit 3A: Which one has a pI of 5.0?
ff. a) Alanine
gg. b) Arginine
hh. c) Histidine
ii. d) Cysteine
jj. e) Glutamic acid
kk. 53. Referring to exhibit 3A: Calculate the pI of CYS?
ll. a) 1.7
mm. b) 5.0
nn. c) 8.3
oo. d) 9.6
pp. e) 10.8
qq. 54. Referring to exhibit 3A: The pI of the peptide ALA-GLN-ARG-SER-HIS would be:
rr. a) Strongly acid
ss. b) Weakly acid (4-6)
tt. c) About neutral (6-8)
uu. d) Weakly basic (8-10)
vv. e) Strongly basic
ww. 55. At its isolectric pH, glycine will have
xx. a) both of its ionizable functional groups dissociated.
yy. b) neither of its ionizable functional groups dissociated.
zz. c) only its carboxyl group dissociated.
aaa. d) only its amino group dissociated.
bbb. 56. The net charge on the peptide abbreviated CAKE in a solution at pH 7 is closest to
ccc. a) -2
ddd. b) -1.
eee. c) 0.
fff. d) +1.
Exhibit 3B,a titration curve.
a. 57. Referring to exhibit #3B: Which points on the graph represent pK’s?
b. a) 1 and 7
c. b) 2, 4 and 6
d. c) 3 and 5
e. d) 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
f. e) The pKs cannot be determined without more information .
g. 58. Referring to exhibit #3B: Which point most likely represents the pK for the carboxyl group?
h. a) 1
i. b) 2
j. c) 3
k. d) 4
l. e) 5
m. 59. Referring to exhibit #3B: At which point would the amino acid have its maximum negative charge?
n. a) 1
o. b) 2
p. c) 4
q. d) 6
r. e) 7
s. 60. Referring to exhibit #3B: Which point would represent the pI of the amino acid?
t. a) 2
u. b) 3
v. c) 4
w. d) 5
x. e) the pI cannot be determined without more information
y. 61. Referring to exhibit #3B: The point labeled #1 represents:
z. a) The fully protonated form
aa. b) The pH with maximum negative charge
bb. c) The end point of titration with base (OH-)
cc. d) The pI of the amino acid
dd. e) None of these
The Peptide Bond
a. 62. Modified from 5e: Which of the following correctly describes peptide bonds?
b. a) They are special type of amide bond.
c. b) They are a very stable bonds.
d. c) They are formed when water is split out from an amino group and a carboxylic acid.
e. d) They are a bond which displays resonance.
f. e) All of the above.
g. 63. Modified from 5e: How many possible tetrapeptides can be made using all four of the amino acids D, W, F, and R.?
h. a) 4
i. b) 6
j. c) 12
k. d) 24
l. 64. This amino acid displays a free amino group in the peptide ALA-GLN-ARG-SER-HIS:
m. a) ALA
n. b) GLN
o. c) SER
p. d) HIS
q. 65. How many different tripeptides can be assembled using one molecule each of the amino acids glycine, glutamic acid, and lysine?
r. a) 3
s. b) 6
t. c) 9
u. d) 27
v. 66.
New in 6e: Which groups of a pair of amino acids must react to form a peptide bond?
w. a) the two carboxyls
x. b) the two aminos
y. c) the two R-groups
z. d) the carboxyl of one and the amino of the other
aa. 67. Modified from 5e: Which is the C-terminal amino acid in the peptide ALA-GLN-ARG-SER-HIS?
bb. a) ALA
cc. b) GLN
dd. c) ARG
ee. d) SER
ff. e) HIS
gg. 68. The peptide bond
hh. a) is formed by elimination of water between two amino acid residues
ii. b) has partial double bond character
jj. c) is the basis of protein structure
kk. d) all of the above
ll. 69. The order in which amino acids are linked in peptides is given
mm. a) from the C-terminal to the N-terminal end
nn. b) from the N-terminal to the C-terminal end
oo. c) in alphabetical order
pp. d) in order of increasing molecular weights of the amino acid residues
qq. 70. Modified from 5e: The peptide bond
rr. a) is planar
ss. b) can be written as a resonance hybrid
tt. c) is the basis of protein structure.
uu. d) all of the above
Small Peptides with Physiologically Activity
a. 71. Which amino acid is not a precursor to a neurotransmitter?
b. a) Glutamic Acid
c. b) Phenylalanine
d. c) Serine
e. d) Tryptophan
f. e) Tyrosine
g. 72. Which type of reaction is not important in the creation and regulation of neurotransmitters?
h. a) Decarboxylases
i. b) Hydroxylases
j. c) Monoamine Oxidases
k. d) Peptidases
l. e) All of these are important in the metabolism of neurotransmitters.
m. 73. An inhibitor of this type of enzyme will likely act as an antidepressant:
n. a) Decarboxylases
o. b) Hydrolases
p. c) Monoamine Oxidases
q. d) Exopeptidases
r. e) Inhibiting any of these enzymes can have an antidepressant effect.
s. 74. The following molecules are all short peptides except:
t. a) -alanine
u. b) Aspartame
v. c) Met-Enkephalin
w. d) Glutathione
x. e) Oxytocin
y. 75. Which amino acid occurs only in the protein thyroglobulin?
z. a) tryptophan
aa. b) methionine
bb. c) arginine
cc. d) thyroxine
dd. 76. Aspartame
ee. a) is a peptide derivative used as an artificial sweetener
ff. b) contains phenylalanine and arginine
gg. c) is extracted from asparagus
hh. d) all of the above
ii. 77. Oxytocin and vasopressin
jj. a) differ from each other by a single amino acid
kk. b) do not contain sulfur
ll. c) are peptide hormones
mm. d) are tripeptides