Name:__________________
Unit ___ Lesson ___
Date:_________
Properties of Plastics
Introduction:
Plastics come in all shapes and sizes. The size and structure of the polymers
that compose different plastics contribute to the plastics’ properties.
Some plastics can be recycled – their properties can be chemically
manipulated to create a new plastic object that may serve a different function
than that of the original object. For example, polyethylene terephthalate
(PET) bottles can be recycled into insulation for winter jackets.
In this activity you will investigate and compare the properties of various
recyclable plastics.
Purpose:
1. Identify some of common plastics and their uses
2. Compare and contrast the properties of different plastics and make
inferences from those comparisons
3. Identify products that different plastics can become through recycling
Procedure
1. Review the table titled Common Plastics and Their Uses. Recyclers use the
code numbers, listed in the first column, to identify different plastics.
2. Collect eight plastic items, which are listed in the table. Choose at least
one product from every row in the table.
3. Use the table titled Properties of Plastics to record your observations.
4. Describe the sample type. (e.g., shampoo bottle, milk carton, etc.)
5. Record the full sample name as well as the abbreviated name, if one
exists.
6. Record the color of the sample.
7. Try to bend the sample. Does it bend or break? Record your observations.
8. Try to stretch the sample. Record your observations.
9. Cut a small piece, about 1 cm by 1 cm, of each sample and place each into
a small container of tap water. Note which samples float (F) and which sink
(S).
10. Add salt to the water until the solution is saturated (some solid salt
remains undissolved on the bottom.) Record whether each sample sinks or
floats. 11. Boil a small amount of water. Remove the water from the heat. Once the
bubbling stops, place the pieces of plastic in the water. Note whether each
sinks or floats. Also note if the heat deforms any of the samples.
12. Answer the questions. Common Plastics and Their Uses
Code Name Uses Recycled Products Polyethylene
Terephthalat
e (PET or
PETE) Plastic soft drink bottles,
mouthwash bottles,
peanut butter and salad
dressing containers Liquid soap bottles,
strapping, fiberfill for
winter coats, surfboards,
paint brushes, fuzz on
tennis balls, soft drink
bottles, film, egg cartons,
skis, carpets, boats High Density
Polyethylene
(HDPE) Milk, water and juice
containers, grocery bags,
toys, liquid detergent
bottles Flower pots, drain pipes,
signs, stadium seats, trash
cans, recycling bins, trafficbarrier cones, golf bag
liners, detergent bottles,
toys Polyvinyl
Chloride
(PVC) Clear food packaging,
shampoo bottles Floor mats, pipes, hose,
mud flaps Low Density
Polyethylene
(LDPE) Bread bags, frozen food
bags, grocery bags Garbage can liners,
grocery bags, multipurpose
bags Polypropylen
e (PP) Ketchup bottles, yogurt
containers and margarine
tubs, medicine bottles Manhole steps, paint
buckets, videocassette
storage cases, ice
scrapers, fast-food trays,
lawn mower wheels,
automobile battery parts Polystyrene
(PS) Videocassette cases,
compact disc jackets,
coffee cups, knives,
spoons, and forks,
cafeteria trays, grocery
store meat trays and fastfood sandwich containers License plate holders, golf
course and septic tank
drainage systems, desk
top accessories, hanging
files, food service trays,
flower pots, trash cans,
videocassettes Table: 14 pts
Properties of Plastics
Sample
type
(Name
the item
you
used) Sample
name Color Bend
Stretch?
of
or
(Yes or
your break? No)
item Float or Sink?
(indicate F for
float, and S for
sink)
H20 salt H20
H20 hot #1PET/PETE
#2-HDPE
#3-PVC
#4-LDPE
#5-PP
#6-PS
#
# Pictures – Please attach at least 4 pictures of you doing the lab. 2 pts Analysis Questions: Deform
in hot
H2O?
(Yes or
No) 1. Why would it be difficult to recycle polyvinyl chloride into plastic bags?
Explain in at least 3 sentences.
2 pts 2. Why is HDPE a good material for boats? Explain in at least 3 sentences.
2 pts 3. Which plastic do you think could best contain extremely corrosive
material? Why? Explain in at least 3 sentences.
2 pts 4. List two uses of high density polyethylene other than those listed in the
table. Explain in at least 3 sentences.
2 pts 5. Two plastics that are targeted for recycling from household waste are
polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE). One
of the problems of recycling such materials is separating them. Suppose you
have been hired to set up a process for separating large quantities of waste
plastic that is a mixture of PETE and HDPE. Describe how you might perform
this separation. Explain in at least 3-4 sentences. 3 pts

 

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