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NUTR 100- Elements of Nutrition
Exam 1- Learning Resources for Weeks 1, 2, & 3. The exam is worth 90 points.
Exam Instructions: Open Book and Open Notes. Do not get any help with your exam. You may use the assigned
learning resources and your notes but do not use other online resources or other resources to help you with your
exam. Please do your own work for the exam. Do not post this exam in your assignment folder.
Post only your Answer Sheet in the Assignment Folder.
Questions 1—65 are each worth 1 point. Question 66 is worth 15 points. Question 67 is worth 10 points.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Chose the correct answer and record your selection on the Answer Sheet.
Part I: Questions 1—35 are taken from Zimmerman & Snow—Chapters 1, 2, 3, & 4.
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2. 3. Which of the following is true?
the human brain uses over 5 percent of the energy obtained from nutrients
the human brain uses over 10 percent of the energy obtained from nutrients
the human brain uses over 15 percent of the energy obtained from nutrients
the human brain uses over 20 percent of the energy obtained from nutrients
the human brain uses over 50 percent of the energy obtained from nutrients Which of the following is a scientific study in which researchers study how chemical reactions turn genes “on” and “off”
and the factors (some of these factors are known to be nutrients) that influence the chemical reactions?
a. nutrigenomics
b. genetics
c. epigenetics
d. all of these
e. none of these
Which of the following is not true?
diets with whole grains decrease weight gain when compared to diets with white (enriched) flour
flour made from whole grains contains 50% less of the recommended daily intake of vitamins and minerals found in
enriched flour
c. diets with whole grains decrease the risk for many chronic diseases when compared to diets with white (enriched)
flour
d. more than none of these
e. none of these
a.
b. 4.
a.
b. Starches are fast-releasing carbohydrates
true
false 5. Food allergy symptoms usually develop within a few days to a week after a person has eaten a food to which they are
allergic.
a. true
b. false 6. Which of the following is not true?
a. amylose is a plant starch
b. amylopectin is a plant starch
c. the amylose is a linear chain containing hundreds of sucrose units
d. starches are the storage form of glucose in plants
e. more than one of these 1 7. Which of the following is true?
whole wheat always means that the product is made with 100% whole grains
brown breads are always healthier than white breads
100% whole grain products most often list whole grains or whole-wheat flour at the end of the list where it is easier
for consumers to find them
d. more than none of these
e. none of these
a.
b.
c. 8. Which of the following is not true for Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)?
they were developed in part as a response to the growing usage of dietary supplements
when a nutrient does not have a UL it is always safe to consume in large amounts
they were established to help distinguish between healthful and harmful nutrient intakes
they indicate the highest level of continuous intake of a particular nutrient that may be taken without causing health
problems
e. none of these
a.
b.
c.
d. 9. Which of the following is true for Daily Reference Intakes (DRI)?
it is an umbrella term for three reference values
DRIs are minimum and maximum nutritional requirements
DRIs are appropriate for people who are ill or malnourished
DRIs are not meant for people who are participating in programs such as the Special Supplemental Food Program
for Women, Infants, and Children
e. none of these
a.
b.
c.
d. 10.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
11. 12. Which of the following is not true?
the primary function of protein is to provide energy
glucose can be stored in humans as starch
the main job of lipids is to surround and protect organs
glucose can be stored in plants as glycogen
all of these Staying within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) is associated with reducing the risks for
developing chronic diseases.
a. true
b. false
Which of the following is true according to the 2010 health and diet survey released by the FDA?
25% of first-time buyers will check the food label and will use this information to evaluate fat, calorie, vitamin, and
sodium content
b. 34% of first-time buyers will check the food label and will use this information to evaluate fat, calorie, vitamin, and
sodium content
c. 54% of first-time buyers will check the food label and will use this information to evaluate fat, calorie, vitamin, and
sodium content
d. 75% of first-time buyers will check the food label and will use this information to evaluate fat, calorie, vitamin, and
sodium content
e. 100% of first-time buyers will check the food label and will use this information to evaluate fat, calorie, vitamin,
and sodium content
a. 13. The name and address of the manufacturer, packager, or distributor is required by law to appear somewhere
on the consumer packaging for food products.
a. true
b. false 2 14. The ingredients, listed in ascending order by weight is required by law to appear somewhere on the consumer
packaging for food products.
a. true
b. false 15. The net contents of the package: weight, volume, measure, or numerical number is not required by law to
appear somewhere on the consumer packaging for food products.
a. true
b. false 16.
a.
b.
17. 18. Use Table 4.1: sucrose is sweeter than fructose.
True
false Use Table 4.1: maltose is sweeter than lactose.
a. true
b. false
Which of the following not is true?
eating raw foods containing starches provides very little energy
cooking starches does not make it easier for the body to break them down because cooking does not break
down the crystal structure of starches
c. resistant starches remain intact throughout digestion
d. more than one of these
e. none of these
a.
b. 19.
a.
b. The MyPlate Planner includes one serving of dairy for each meal.
true
false 20. A health claim such as “reduces heart disease” does not have to be evaluated by the FDA before it appears on
packaging.
a. true
b. false 21. Carbohydrate loading will maximize the amount of glycogen stored in the liver and muscle tissues of endurance
athletes.
a. true
b. false 22. Adequate Intakes (AI) are created for nutrients only when there is sufficient consistent scientific information to set an
Estimated Average Requirement for the entire population.
a. true
b. false 23.
a.
b. Two grams of proteins contain more calories than one gram of lipid.
true
false a.
b. Which of the following is not a macronutrient?
carbohydrate
lipid 24. 3 c.
d.
e. 25. vitamin
protein
water Which of the following is true for digestion?
none of the components of food are broken down in the first 25 centimeters of the duodenum (the first part of the
small intestine
b. almost all of the components of food are broken down in the first 25 centimeters of the duodenum (the first part of
the small intestine
a. 26. Which of the following is true for “hitting the wall”?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. 27.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is not true?
bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder
nutrient absorption takes place in the ileum
bile helps digest fats by acting like detergents
nutrient absorption takes place in the large intestine
the main task of the colon is to reabsorb water a.
b. The pancreas secretes up to 1.5 liters of pancreatic juice per day through a duct into the duodenum.
true
false a.
b.
c. Which of the following is true for SoFAS
it is an acronym for Status of Forces Agreement
it is an acronym for solid fats and added sugars
it is an acronym for So Far So Good a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true for cholesterol intake by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines?
cholesterol intake should be reduced to below 50 milligrams per day
cholesterol intake should be reduced to below 100 milligrams per day
cholesterol intake should be reduced to below 200 milligrams per day
cholesterol intake should be reduced to below 300 milligrams per day
cholesterol intake should be reduced to below 500 milligrams per day 28. 29. 30. 31. the physiology underlying “hitting the wall” means that muscles have used up all their stored fats
the physiology underlying “hitting the wall” means that muscles have used up all their stored proteins
carbohydrate loading works for all levels of athletes
the physiology underlying “hitting the wall” means that muscles have used up all their stored glycogen
more than one of these Which of the following is true for Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) and Recommended Daily Allowances
(RDA)?
a. ERAs are determined after the RDA of a nutrient has been determined
b. RDAs are the same thing as individual nutrient requirements
c. an ERA is set at a point that meets 97 to 98 percent of the population
d. more than one of these
e. none of these 32.
a.
b. Which of the following is true for the food that enters the stomach?
a meal that is rich in carbohydrates takes longer to break down than a high-fat or high-protein meal
a meal that is high in fat or a meal that is high in protein takes longer to break down than a meal that is rich in
carbohydrates 4 33. Which of the following is true?
emulsified fatty acids, fat soluble vitamins, and other lipids are transported from the small intestine through
lymphatic vessels which will soon meet up with blood vessels
b. amino acids and monosaccharides are transported from the small intestine through lymphatic vessels which will
soon meet up with blood vessels
a. 34.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true?
villi and microvilli are projections found on the internal surface of the stomach
villi and microvilli are projections found on the internal surface of the small intestine
villi and microvilli are projections found on the internal surface of the large intestine
villi and microvilli are projections found on the internal surface of the colon
more than one of these a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is not true?
you could play tennis on a tennis court that has the surface area of your colon
pancreatic juice contains bicarbonate ions which neutralize the acidity of chime
you could play tennis on a tennis court that has the surface area of your small intestine
peristaltic contractions in the stomach help turn food into chyme
more than one of these 35. Part II: Questions 36 –39 are taken from learning resource Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010—Chapter 1:
Introduction
36.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true for the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010?
about 85 to 90 percent of adult bone mass is acquired by the age of 18 in boys
nutrition is not an important factor in achieving and maintaining optimal bone mass
one in every four women ages 50 years or older will have an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime
physical activity is not an important factor in achieving and maintaining optimal bone mass
one in every four men ages 50 years or older will have an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true for the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010?
by law it is reviewed, updated if necessary, and published every year
by law it is reviewed, updated if necessary, and published every two years
by law it is reviewed, updated if necessary, and published every three years
by law it is reviewed, updated if necessary, and published every five years
by law it is reviewed, updated if necessary, and published every ten years a.
b. Salted nuts and seeds are nutrient dense foods.
true
false 37. 38. 39.
a.
b. Which of the following is true?
the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 is intended for healthy Americans ages 2 years and older
the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 is intended for Americans ages 2 years and older, including those
who are at increased risk of chronic diseases Part III: Use learning resource Online Health Information: Can You Trust It? for questions 40 – 43.
40.
a.
b. Health websites sponsored by Federal Government agencies are good sources of information.
true
false 5 41.
a.
b. Which of the following indicates a secure website that collects personal information?
http:// in the start of the website address
https:// in the start of the website address a.
b. You can trust a website if links to a trustworthy source.
true
false 42. 43. Which of the following is true for .org.
it identifies a U. S. government agency
it identifies commercial websites; such as businesses, pharmaceutical companies, and sometimes hospitals
it identifies an educational institution, like a school, college, or university
it identifies nonprofit organizations; such as professional groups; scientific, medical, or research societies; advocacy
groups
e. it identifies an organization that organizes organ donors
a.
b.
c.
d. Part IV: Use learning resource Twenty-six Ways to Spot Quacks and Vitamin Pushers for questions 44 – 52.
44.
a.
b. Everyone in is danger of deficiency and should therefore take supplements as “nutrition insurance”.
true
false a.
b. Modern processing methods and storage remove all nutritive value from our food.
true
false a.
b. Diet is a major factor in behavior.
true
false a.
b. Natural vitamins are better than synthetic vitamins.
true
false a.
b. The American Medical Association is against quacks because their cures would cut into the income of doctors.
true
false 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. Doctors receive training in nutrition in various courses in medical school even if the medical school does not offer a
separate course in nutrition.
a. true
b. false 50.
a.
b.
51. Personal testimonies are not the best evidence for the effectiveness of a drug.
true
false Plants grown with natural fertilizers (e.g., manure) are not nutritionally superior to those grown with synthetic
fertilizers.
a. true 6 b.
52.
a.
b. false
Cellulite is dimpled fat found on hips and thighs of many women and it is resistant to diet and exercise.
true
false Part V: Use learning resource How to Understand and Use the Nutrition Facts Label for US Food and Drug
Administration for questions 53 - 65.
53.
a.
b. The first place to start when you look at the Nutrition Label is the Footnote.
true
false a.
b.
c.
d. Most Americans do not get enough of ________ in their diets.
fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, or sodium
dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, or iron
all of these
none of these a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true for the General Guide to Calories on a Nutrition Label?
40 calories is high
100 calories is low
400 calories is moderate
400 calories is high
100 calories is high 54. 55. 56. The serving size of the food package does not influence the number of calories and all the nutrient amounts listed on
the top part of the Nutrition Label.
a. true
b. false 57.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true for the statement “%DVs are based on a 2,000 calorie diet”?
it must be on all food labels unless the size of the label is too small
it does not have to be on all food labels
it must be on all food labels
more than one of these
none of these a.
b.
c.
d.
e. The General Guide to Calories on a Nutrition Label is based on a(an) ________ calorie diet
500
800
1,000
1.800
none of these 58. 59. Use the two figures that compare two kinds of milk for this question.
The % Daily Value for Sugars is lower for the Reduced Fat Milk - 2% Milkfat than for the Nonfat Milk. 7 a.
b. true
false 60. Use the two figures that compare two kinds of milk for this question.
The number of Calories per serving is greater for the Reduced Fat Milk - 2% Milkfat than for the Nonfat Milk.
a. true
b. false 61. Use the two figures that compare two kinds of milk for this question.
In order to obtain 90% of your Daily Value for calcium you would have to consume three-1 cup servings of the Reduced
Fat Milk - 2% Milkfat.
a. true
b. false 62. Use the two figures that compare two kinds of milk for this question.
Reduced Fat Milk - 2% Milkfat has more cholesterol per serving than Nonfat Milk.
a. true
b. false 63.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is true?
the sugars listed on the Nutrition Facts label include only added sugars
the sugars listed on the Nutrition Facts label include only natural sugars
the sugars listed on the Nutrition Facts label include natural sugars and added sugars
the % Daily Value for sugars is listed on the Nutrition Facts label
none of these a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Which of the following is not true for the Nutrition Facts label?
you can use the Nutrition Facts label to help increase those nutrients you need to consume in greater amounts
you can use the Nutrition Facts label to help limit those nutrients you want to cut back on
the entire footnote is found on all packages and it does not change from product to product
all of these
none of these a.
b. Experts advise adolescents, especially girls, to consume 100%DV of calcium daily.
true
false 64. 65. Part VI: Questions 66 & 67 are short essays. Question 66 is worth 15 points. Question 67 is worth 10 points.
Use complete sentences, correct grammar, correct spelling, and write the minimum number of sentences for each essay. Use
Zimmerman & Snow—Chapters 1, 2, 3, & 4.
66. Use Zimmerman & Snow—Chapter 4.
Sugar substitutes: Saccharine and Aspartame. Write a minimum of 20 sentences. (15 points)
Write your answer in the space provided for the Answer at the end of this question.
Explain why there have been health concerns about Saccharine (include any flaws in the early scientific studies) and
explain why Saccharin was removed from the US National Toxicology Programs list of potential carcinogens.
Explain why there have been health concerns about Aspartame (include flaws in early scientific studies) and explain why
Aspartame has been approved as an artificial sweetener in over ninety countries).
Explain why products that contain aspartame are required by the FDA to state on the product label, “Phenylketonurics:
Contains Phenylalanine.” (include what happens when aspartame is digested and why this causes a problem for people
with the genetic disorder Phenylketonuria (PKU)). 8 Answer: Post the number of sentences wrote in the space for your answer.
67. Use Zimmerman & Snow—Chapter 1 pp 47-48. Factors that Drive Food Choices.
Write a minimum of 15 sentences. (10 points)
Write your answer in the space provided for the Answer at the end of this question.
Select five of the factors that drive food choices. Explain how each of these five factors influence your food choices.
Answer: . Post the number of sentences wrote in the space for your answer. 9
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