Experiment 2: Newton's Third Law and Force Pairs
In this experiment, you will investigate Newton's Third Law of Motion by observing
forces exerted on objects. Procedure
Part 1
1. Make sure the spring scales are calibrated using the standard masses.
2. Hook the handle of the 5 N spring scale to the hook of the 10 N spring
scale.
3. Holding the 10 N spring scale stationary, pull the hook of the 5 N spring
scale until the force reads 5 N on it. Record the force on the 10 N spring
scale in Table 3.
4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 with the 10 N spring scale hanging from the 5 N spring
scale. Record the force on the 5 N spring scale in Table 3.
Part 2
1. Suspend the 0.5 kg mass in the air using the 10 N spring scale. Record the
force on the 10 N spring scale in Table 4.
2. Tie one end of one of the pieces of string to the 0.5 kg mass and the other
end to the hook of the 10 N spring scale.
3. Suspend the mass in the air by lifting the 10 N spring scale. Record the force
on the 10 N spring scale in Table 4. © 2014 eScience Labs, LLC.
All Rights Reserved 4. Untie the end of the string attached to the 0.5 kg mass and tie it to the
hook of the 5 N spring scale.
5. Hook the 0.5 kg mass to the handle of the 5 N spring scale. Suspend the
mass, scales, and string by holding the handle of the 10 N spring scale.
Record the values of the spring scales in Table 4.
6. Secure the pulley on a table top by tying string to one of the hooks. Then,
use masking tape to secure the string to a table top so that the hook on the
top of the pulley lays flat on the side of the table top (Figure 6).
7. Using the mass setup from Step 5, place the string over the pulley by
unhooking one of the spring scales, feeding the string through the pulley
and reattaching the string to the hook of the spring scale (Figure 6).
8. Hold the 10 N spring scale in place so that the scales and mass are
stationary. Record the values for both spring scales in Table 4. Table 3: Force on Stationary Springs
Force on Stationary 10 N Spring Scale (N) 5.60N
Force on Stationary 5N Spring Scale (N) 5N Table 4: Spring Scale Force Data
Suspension Set Up Force (N) on 10 N
Spring Scale Force (N) on 5 N
Spring Scale 0.5 kg Mass on 10 N
Spring Scale 4.90N 0.5 kg Mass with String on
10 N Spring Scale 5N 0.5 kg mass, string and 5 N
Spring Scale on 10 N spring
scale 5.6N 2.8 0.5 kg mass, string and 5 N
Spring Scale on 10 N spring
scale on Pulley 6N 5N N/A © 2014 eScience Labs, LLC.
All Rights Reserved Post-Lab Questions
1. Compare the magnitude of the forces on both spring scales after you pulled
the 5 N spring scale suspended on the 10 N spring scale. 2. Compare the magnitude of the forces on both spring scales after you pulled
the 10 N spring scale suspended on the 5 N spring scale.
3. Use Newton’s Third Law to explain your observations in Post-Lab Questions
1 and 2. 4. Compare the force on the 10 N spring scale when it was directly attached to
the 0.5 kg mass and when there was a string between them. 5. Compare the force on the two spring scales in Steps 5 and 6 of Part 2. What can you conclude about the tension in a string? © 2014 eScience Labs, LLC.
All Rights Reserved

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