Please do a paragraph about this post with this instruction . 

post most have  4 or more  sentences .

 you also have to have a high quality post from a content perspective. This means it also needs to do more than agree with or praise a class mate. If you agree with a classmate, explain why, give an example, share what you learned in the readings

According to Healthy People 2020, Social determinants of health are conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.

We commonly think that our health is affected by our age, gender and genetic factors we inherit from our parents. Most people realize that our health is also affected by our lifestyle factors like, how much we exercise, the food we eat and unhealthy habit such as excessive drinking and smoking.However,these factors are only a small part of what affect our health, other factors are social relationship with friends in the community,income,Education and our working conditions.

So how do these social factors influence our health or contribute to illness? Let’s take a look at heart disease for example. Heart disease affect the heart and blood vessels. In Canada, according to researchers one person dies every 7 minutes because of heart disease or stroke. Many studies have focused on individual risk factors such as high cholesterol, unhealthy food choices and inactive lifestyle.

Let’s look a little deeper by taking food choices specifically, several things influence what we decide to eat, including how much money we spend on food. A hamburger from a fast food restaurant is less expensive but much less nutritious than fruits and vegetables. How much money we spend on food may be limited by our income which in turn is influenced by many other social determinants like our Education, this means individuals in low pay job are at higher risk of heart disease.

Another example is unemployment or poor working condition, this creates unstable life situation and cause stress to the individual. Stress has a negative effect on health, thereby increasing the risk of heart disease, causing poor sleep pattern and weakening the immune system.

In a nutshell, it can be said that many complex social processes and other factors are connected with one another to affect our health.

Communicable diseases are caused by infectious agents that can be transmitted to other people from an infected person, animal or a source in the environment. The entire chain of infection must be intact for a person to become infected. If just 1 piece of the chain is missing, the infectious disease cannot spread. The chain of infection is made up of 6 components: infectious agent, a reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry and a susceptible host (Wild Iris Medical Education, n.d).

Some basic steps a nurse can take to break the link of infection within the communicable disease chain are:

• Infectious agent: MRSA
• Reservoir: patient with MRSA in an open wound
• Portal of exit: drainage from the open wound; Break in the chain: Nurse uses proper handwashing techniques, wears protective gloves and handles bed linens properly
• Mode of transmission: MRSA transferred on to hands by indirect contact; Break in the chain: Nurse performs proper handwashing, gloving and linen handling
• Portal of entry: Break in the chain: Organisms isolated with use of medical asepsis and body-substance isolation
• Susceptible host: protected due to chain of infection being broken.

Infection control experts agree that following standard precautions, isolation guidelines when required and engaging in proper handwashing is essential to breaking the chain of infection. Following aseptic technique is especially critical when caring for patients with hardy microorganisms such as MRSA (Pyrek, 2002).

Actions to eliminate the mode of transmission according to the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) include:

• Hand hygiene
• Wearing gloves to minimize contamination of hands and discarding them after each patient
• Using Standard and Transmission based Precautions with all patients
• Maintaining Contact, Droplet and Airborne Precautions as indicated
• Cleaning, disinfection, or sterilization of equipment used by more than one patient
• Cleaning of the environment, especially high-touch surfaces
• Injection safety and Blood borne pathogen prevention (BBP)
• Vaccination

 

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