Question 7

1. An experimental hypothesis is
2. a.a law that allows prediction of behavior.       
3. b.a model of behavior.   
4. c.a tentative explanation of behavior or an event.
5. d.knowing without reasoning.

5 points  

Question 8

1. While reviewing data from several studies of how roommates finish each otherâs sentences, a researcher suddenly discovers a general principle that connects all her findings. This illustrates the ____ approach.
2. a.deductive     
3. b.combined deductive and inductive   
4. c.inductive     
5. d.synthetic

5 points  

Question 9

1. In a true experiment, an experimenter ____ the independent variable and ____ the dependent variable.
2. a.manipulates; measures
3. b.selects; manipulates
4. c.measures; manipulates
5. d.selects; measures

5 points  

Question 10

1. An operational definition defines a variable in terms of
2. a.conceptual definitions. 
3. b.hypothetical constructs.
4. c.nonconstruct variables.
5. d.observable operations, procedures, and measurements.

5 points  

Question 11

1. Balancing is a control procedure that
2. a.distributes the effect of physical variables equally across the treatment conditions.   
3. b.distributes the effect of the independent variable equally across all of the treatment conditions.
4. c.ensures that subjects in all conditions experience nearly identical physical variables.   
5. d.removes potentially confounding physical variables from the testing situation.

5 points  

Question 12

1. What does a double-blind experiment control?
2. a.demand characteristics 
3. b.experimenter bias  
4. c.confounding by context variables    
5. d.demand characteristics and experimenter bias

5 points  

Question 13

1. Researchers always assign subjects to only one treatment condition in ____ designs.
2. a.between-subjects 
3. b.quasi-experimental   
4. c.ex post facto  
5. d.within-subjects

5 points  

Question 14

1. When there is a statistically significant difference between two treatment groups, we know that
2. a.extraneous variables did not confound the study.  
3. b.random assignment created groups that were identical on the dependent variable before the researcher manipulated the independent variable.   
4. c.the effect size of the independent variable is very large.
5. d.the independent variable produced group differences on the dependent variable that are larger than we would expect due to chance.

5 points  

Question 15

1. Experimental designs that study two or more independent variables at the same time are called
2. a.factorial designs.     
3. b.multiple levels designs.
4. c.multiple independent groups designs.  
5. d.univariate designs.

5 points  

Question 16

1. ____ means that we can accurately extend experimental results to other situations.
2. a.External validity
3. b.Practical significance 
4. c.Internal validity
5. d.Research significance

5 points  

Question 17

1. A _____ is a statistical review procedure that summarizes and quantifies multiple research findings on an individual topic.
2. a.case study
3. b.factor analytical study
4. c.literature search
5. d.meta-analysis

5 points  

Question 18

1. _____ is the primary resource currently used by psychologists to find journal articles.
2. a.FirstSearch
3. b.Lexis/Nexis
4. c.PsycINFO
5. d.PsychSource

5 points  

Question 19

1. The primary purpose of a written research report is
2. a.advocacy of a theoretical perspective.  
3. b.communication of research methodology and findings. 
4. c.expression of the researcherâs opinions regarding a problem area.            
5.  
6. d.stimulation of follow-up studies.

5 points  

Question 20

1. The main concern when writing the method section of a research report is that the author
2. a.avoids details like the model numbers of commercial equipment.
3. b.describes the methodological limitations of the study.   
4. c.provides sufficient detail to allow another experimenter to replicate the study.  
5. d.uses the same subsections for all studies.

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