Lenses and Images
Phys 112 Intro: Dena
Hypothesis: Dena Procedure:
Task 1: Properties of Images
The first task is positioning our light source (flashlight on phone) at
one end of the bench with the lens mounted in the middle and the XC
screen on the opposite end of the bench from the light source. We then
moved the components of the lens bench set up around until we were able
to see a clear and sharp image projected onto the screen. We were then
asked to predict what would happen to the image on the screen if we were
to move the screen further from the lens. When moving the screen away,
the image will get blurry, dimmer, and smaller.
When completing this request physically, we found that the image
behaved as we had predicted, but the image eventually left the surface of
the screen due to the imperfect location of our light source.
We then moved everything back to its previous location to produce a
sharp and clean image on the screen. We were then asked to predict what
would happen if we covered up the top half of the lens with a piece of
paper. When covering the top half of the lens, the top half of the image will
disappear but the brightness and the sharpness will remain the same.
When actually attempting this, we found that the entire image is
visible, but only at half the intensity. It turns out that each point on the
object is a source of rays that travel in all directions. Thus, light from all
parts of the object goes through all unblocked parts of the lens and forms
an image. If you block part of the lens, you are blocking some of the rays,
but the remaining ones still come from all parts of the object. Because of
this, we should still be able to form an image if we were only left with a
piece of a lens. From this, we were then asked to predict how we could
rotate the image produced on the screen. We predict that we will be able to
rotate the image by rotating the image itself when shining through a
concave lens, or by simply using a convex lens to flip the image.
When testing this out, we were able to rotate the appeared image on
the screen by completing the above predicted variables. Task 2: Pinhole Investigation of Light and Lenses
In this task, we were asked to predict what would happen to an image
on the screen if we were to take away the lens completely. We predicted
that the image would be projected onto the screen at the same size, but
with a fuzzy outline of the image. It turns out that we were correct (as far as
we could tell). There was still an image on the screen and clearly still light
on the screen as well.
In the below picture of the light bulb, we were asked to draw lines
showing some of the paths that light rays take after being created by the
circled region of the filament. We were then asked to draw lines showing paths light rays take after being
generated from all over a hot filament. We were then asked to predict what the outcome when putting a card
with a small hole in it between the bulb and a piece of paper as a screen.
We predict that the light will shine through the hole, with the size and clarity
of the projected hole varying based off of the light to hole distance
relationship, and then the hole to screen distance relationship. We were
correct in our predictions. Using a pencil to punch a hole in a piece of paper
and hold the paper about 30 cm from the bulb, examine the pattern formed
of the screen. The pattern we saw was the hole right side up and not
flipped/rotated in any way. The edges of the hole were not as sharp as
other positions tried with the light to hole ratio. The pinhole image has a
possibility of being similar to some shapes of lenses but will not increase
the intensity of images like some lens’ and some lens’ will turn and flip
images. We were then asked to fill in a diagram to illustrate what is
happening when light rays interact with a hole in a piece of paper. As we can see, not all available light from the light bulb is able to
make it through the card. The light produced from the top parts of the
filament end up towards the bottom of the portrayed image or light hole. If
we were to put three holes in the card, we predict that we would see
defined outer edges of the holes but in the middle, there would be light as if
the middle of the three holes were not there. When testing this out, we
realised that we were wrong and instead saw 3 defined holes larger on the
screen than on the paper that had the holes punched in it. When moving
the screen closer and farther from the paper with the holes, we found that
the holes will get closer and smaller with a close proximity to the holed
card, and further apart and larger with an increased distance between the
screen and the holed card.
We then moved to punching more holes in our card to assess what
would happen and we predicted that holes on the screen would be the
same, and would change as they previously did with moving the screen
further away and closer to the holed card. We were correct in our
predictions aside from the clarity of the holes outlines. When covering up a
hole, we found that that holes worth of light would disappear from the
screen but also that the overall brightness of the projected images would
decrease as well. When poking more holes in the card, we simply found
that the projected image got brighter and the number of holes increased
with the border lines disappearing sometimes if a hole was too close or too
many holes in a specifically smaller area. Lenses form images by refracting light through them and arranging
the rays at a single point, creating a single somehow altered image (by the
lens). The image and the pattern of the light rays depend greatly on the
physical nature of the lens, location of the objects, and location of the
viewer or the eye.
Task 3: Thin Lens Equation
Image Distance Object Distance 2.1 cm 11 cm 12.3 cm 24.5 cm 13.3 cm 35.8 cm 10.0 cm 57.5 cm Analysis
Conclusion

 

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