(Accounting for Pre-Opening Costs) After securing lease commitments from several major stores, Auer Shopping Center, Inc. was organized and built a shopping center in a growing suburb. The shopping center would have opened on schedule on January 1, 2012, if it had not been struck by a severe tornado in December. Instead, it opened for business on October 1, 2012. All of the additional construction costs that were incurred as a result of the tornado were covered by insurance. In July 2011, in anticipation of the scheduled January opening, a permanent staff had been hired to promote the shopping center, obtain tenants for the uncommitted space, and manage the property. A summary of some of the costs incurred in 2011 and the first nine months of 2012 follows.

Â	2011	January 1, 2012 through September 30, 2012
Interest on mortgage bonds	$720,000	$540,000
Cost of obtaining tenants	300,000	360,000
Promotional advertising	540,000	557,000

The promotional advertising campaign was designed to familiarize shoppers with the center. Had it been known in time that the center would not open until October 2012, the 2011 expenditure for promotional advertising would not have been made. The advertising had to be repeated in 2012. All of the tenants who had leased space in the shopping center at the time of the tornado accepted the October occupancy date on condition that the monthly rental charges for the first 9 months of 2012 are canceled.

Instructions

Explain how each of the costs for 2011 and the first 9 months of 2012 should be treated in the accounts of the shopping center corporation. Give the reasons for each treatment.