Here are a number of references to variables. For each, identify whether a nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio scale is being used:

a. The temperatures in cities throughout the country that are listed in most newspapers.

b. The birth weights of babies who were born at Wilshire General Hospital last week.

c. The number of hours you spent studying each day during the past week.

d. The amount of the tips left after each meal at a restaurant during a 3-hour period.

e. The number of votes received by the Republican and Democratic candidates for Congress in your district in the last election.

f. The brand listed third in a consumer magazine’s ranking of DVD players.

g. Connecticut’s listing as the number one team in a poll of sportswriters, with Kansas listed number two.

h. Your friend’s score on an intelligence test.

i. Yellow walls in your office and white walls in your boss’s office.

j. The type of programming on each radio station in your city (e.g., KPSY plays jazz, KSOC is talk radio).

k. Ethnic group categories of people in a neighborhood.