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http://www2.cs.uh.edu/~acl/cs1306/Assignment/prog8.pdf
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Computer Science for AllBy some estimates, just one quarter of all K-12 schools in the United States offer computerscience with programming and coding. The President’s 2017 Budget includes a ComputerScience for All plan that builds on momentum at the state and local level to offer rigorouscoursework in computer science to all students in preschool through grade 12. The 2017Budget proposes $4 billion in mandatory funding at the Department of Education (ED),available over three years, for states to increase access to hands-on computer science (CS) inP-12 classrooms. Under the program, all fifty states would be able to submit comprehensivefive-year Computer Science for All plans, and every state with a well-designed strategy wouldreceive funds. In addition to state-level grants, the 2017 Budget also dedicates $100 million incompetitive grants specifically for leading districts to execute ambitious CS expansion effortsfor all students—with a focus on reaching traditionally underrepresented students—and toserve as models for national replication. Participating states and districts would also beencouraged to create plans for expanding overall access to rigorous STEM classes, utilizing CSas a catalyst for increased interest in STEM more broadly, and reducing course equity gaps forall students including underrepresented groups such as minorities, girls, and youth from lowincomefamilies.The Computer Science for All initiative also includes a $20 million investment from NSF in FY2017. The Directorate for Education and Human Resources (EHR) and the Directorate forComputer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) will build on ongoing efforts toenable rigorous and engaging computer science education in schools across the Nation. Fundswill support the development and assessment of prototype instructional materials, scalable andsustainable professional development models, approaches to pre-service preparation forcomputer science teachers, and teacher resources. The NSF effort will also fund research thatwill add to knowledge of effective approaches to the teaching and learning of computer scienceacross grades P-12.More information on this initiative can be found in the January 2016 Computer Science for Allfact sheet.The 2017 Budget also includes additional investments to help narrow STEM course gaps,including:$500 million for Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants, a new block grant atED authorized by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) that would provide flexibleformulagrant funds to assist school districts in delivering a well-rounded education totheir students through a range of locally determined activities, including STEMeducation, the arts, student support services, and effective use of educational technologyin schools. In addition, building on the STEM Education Act of 2015 and the new ESSA,this year ED will release guidance on funding opportunities for STEM and CS to states,districts, and the broader education sector.Creating Next Generation High Schools. Building on the momentum from the first-everSummit on Next Generation High Schools held last year, the 2017 Budget proposes anew $80 million competitive program at ED to equip communities across America withthe resources to launch Next Generation High Schools that will be laboratories forcutting-edge STEM teaching and learning. These schools will showcase the tenets of highschool reform that the President has championed: promoting active and personalizedlearning for students, strengthening relationships with business and post-secondarypartners, and linking student work to real-world expectations and experiences that reflectcollege and careers in order to better prepare students for their futures. The 2017 Budgetalso supports a number of complementary ED investments in high school reform moregenerally, including an increase in Title I to support school improvement, $350 millionfor charter schools, and $115 million for magnet schools.Identifying and Scaling What Works in STEM Education. The 2017 Budget funds $180million for ED’s Education Innovation and Research (EIR) program, the successor to theInvesting in Innovation (i3) program. The EIR program expands support for evidencebasedinitiatives to develop, validate, and scale-up effective education interventions—including interventions involving STEM education—that will help states and districtsmeet ESSA requirements emphasizing the use of such interventions wherever possible. Aportion of these funds will be reserved for the proposed Advanced Research ProjectsAgency - Education (ARPA-ED), which would pursue the development of breakthrougheducational technology and tools. Complementary investments in building evidence foreffective STEM programs include the Administration’s proposal for $83 million tosupport NSF’s Discovery Research PreK-12, which invests in research and developmenton STEM teaching and learning.Expanding course access for military-impacted students. The 2017 Budget calls for theDepartment of Defense (DoD) to invest $11 million in expanding STEM opportunitiesfor children of military families. The DoD investments build on a multi-year record ofsuccess under the National Math and Science Initiative’s (NMSI) Initiative for MilitaryFamilies. In FY16, the Department of Defense (DOD) is investing $8 million to expandSTEM opportunities for children of military families. To promote STEM educationamong military dependents, DOD is continuing to partner with the NMSI in militaryconnectedschools, building on documented success in improving students' performancein rigorous STEM coursework and associated assessments. Results have been dramatic,with an 87- percent average increase in Advanced Placement (AP) Math and Sciencescores within the first year of implementation and 139 percent after three years. Benefitsamong underrepresented minority and gender groups are even higher. Up through theFY15 investment, through this partnership with NMSI, DOD will reach 117 militaryconnectedpublic high schools with the potential of reaching over 31,000 militarychildren. DOD will explore additional opportunities to build cross-agency partnerships toleverage its science and engineering workforce, expertise, and resources to enhance thismulti-year record of success in STEM learning for military children.Leveraging the disciplinary expertise of the Federal agencies. The 2017 Budget provides$17 million for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to invest in the Science EducationPartnership Award (SEPA) program, leveraging the expertise of the biomedical researchcommunity to support innovative STEM curricula in P-12 schools, and $4 million for theEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) to invest in environmental education grants.
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