1. Balance these equations:
a) glycerol C3H8O3 + acetyl chloride CH3COCl triacetyl glycerol C9H14O6 + HCl + + b) C5H9OH + O2 H2O + CO2 (combustion) c) glucose C6H12O6 (aq) + O2 pyruvic acid C3H4O3(aq) + H2O HCl 2. see reaction 1a
3.68 mL of glycerol reacted with 9.4 gram of acetyl chloride to produce 5.0 mL of triacetyl
glycerol.
glycerol (C3H8O3) MW= 92 gmol-1 density = 1.25 gmL-1
acetyl chloride MW = 78.5 gmol-1 density = 1.10 gmL-1
triacetyl glycerol MW = 218 gmol-1
density = 1.16 gmL-1
a) What is the limiting reactant?
b) What is the % yield ? W3: Moles Equations Calculations 2015 3. Freeze-dried cinnamon extract was prepared by extraction with ethanol. Analysis showed
that the major active pharmacologically active compound in the dried extract is cinnamon
aldehyde (cinnamaldehyde, 82.6% w/w). a)
units Calculate the Molecular Mass of cinnamon aldehyde. Ensure you include appropriate b)
Describe how to make an aqueous solution of cinnamon extract containing 50 g/ml
(microgram/ml) starting with 1.08 mg of the dried cinnamon extract using a 50 ml
measuring cylinder.
c)
What is the concentration of pure cinnamaldehyde (82.6% w/w) in g/ml in this
solution?
d) What is the molarity in mM of cinnamaldehyde in this solution? 4. To make a TRIS buffer (see below) there is a so-called 1 L “10x stock” solution containing
100 mM TRIS/HCl, pH = 7.4. How can you use that “stock” buffer to make up 250ml of the
assay buffer? (10 mM TRIS/HCl)
TRIS 5. A 50 mM solution of your cinnamaldehyde is used to test its biological activity in an in vitro
assay.
a) How would you make a range of five-fold serial dilutions of minimally 1 ml per test
tube 2-6, starting off with 1000 l of this cinnamaldehyde solution in tube 1? W3: Moles Equations Calculations 2015 b) What is the final concentration in micromolar ? W3: Moles Equations Calculations 2015

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