1. Which of the following is an educational component for developing future health care leaders? (Points: 6)

·         Technical skills

·         Teamwork

·         More graduates from Kaplan

·         Lifelong learning

2. Information technology (IT) contributes to the development of CQI in health care by: (Select all that apply) (Points: 6)

·         Improving the breadth and depth of data available for analysis

·         Taking the human factor out of the equation

·         Increasing the subjectivity of the information

·         Increasing the timeliness of data acquisition

3. The slow improvement rates in patient safety is a: (Points: 6)

·         Local issue

·         Issue that only impacts for-profit hospitals

·         An international problem

·         Due to very little effort to improve

4. Which of the following is not part of the six quality aims of the Institute of Medicine? (Points: 6)

·         Equity

·         Effectiveness

·         Efficiency

·         Effort

5. Over the past decade there has been a huge focus on education in health care systems, the problem is that education does not guarantee ___________ and improvement. (Points: 6)

·         Gap analysis

·         Change

·         Identification

·         Clarification

6. What are the classifications of Reason’s GEMS for error types? (Points: 6)

·         Rule-based mistakes, Knowledge-based mistakes, Adhering to norms, Skill based slips and lapses

·         Skill based slips and lapses, Rule-based mistakes, Knowledge-based mistakes, Violation of norms

·         Knowledge-based mistakes, Rule-based mistakes, Violation of norms, Poor education mistakes

·         Rule-based mistakes, Knowledge-based mistakes, Skill based slips and lapses, Creating norms

7. What are the universal factors of accidents? (Points : 6)

·         Implicit risk in all human interactions

·         Fallible humans

·         Systems with latent potential for failure

·         All of the above

8. Why is organizational learning significant in health care today? (Points: 6)

·         Creates a culture of fear of making mistakes

·         Involves a collaborative approach

·         Demands value and cost reductions

·         It doesn’t take into account fragmentation of quality care

9. _____________ argues that systems change is gained by small incremental changes made by individuals, supported by their peers. (Points: 6)

·         Risk Management

·         Professional Organizations

·         Social Marketing

·         Consumers

10. Microsystem approach to quality improvement includes:  (Points: 6)

·         An individual point-of-view

·         Students acting as role models

·         Faculty being the “sage on the stage”

·         Multidisciplinary team

11. Which of the following is a weakness of the organization-centered approach? (Points: 6)

·         Organized Labor

·         Fantastic organizational loyalty

·         Lack of regulation

·         High rate of personnel change

12. Which of the following are approaches Medicare adopted to drive quality improvement at a national level  (Select all that apply): (Points : 6)

·         Development of standard quality measures

·         Pay for performance

·         Fines for individual who do not use CQI

·         Public reporting of quality measures

13. What does the success of accreditation ultimately rely on? (Select all that apply) (Points: 6)

·         The willingness of the organizations to hide information from the public

·         The willingness of the organizations to follow quality control methods

·         The willingness of the organizations to execute CQI strategies to improve the areas identified by the process

·         The willingness of the organizations to punish the individual who make a mistake

14. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of CQI? (Points: 6)

·         Links to key elements of the organization’s strategic plan

·         Uses rigorous techniques of the scientific method and statistical process control

·         Formation of process improvement teams

·         Quality council made up of the institution’s front line employees

15. Champions are (Points : 6)

·         Team members who discover the quality problems

·         Senior managers who support the process

·         Department managers who manage areas where quality problem is identified

·         Governmental agencies who are supporting the change

16. The concept of team psychological safety includes: (Points: 6)

·         The teams capacity to attain Piaget’s formal operational stage

·         Rewarding positive behavior

·         Team member’s ability to take individual risk

·         Meeting Maslow’s level of self-actualization

17. Lean Six Sigma methodology has its roots based on work from: (Points: 6)

·         Deming and Juran

·         Juran and Paton

·         Motorola and Ishikawa

·         Shewhart and Parato

18. A central element of CQI is: (Points: 6)

·         Anecdotes

·         Data

·         Opinions

·         Measurement

19. Why is risk adjustment important when comparing results in healthcare? (Points: 6)

·         All level three trauma hospital are the same

·         Hospitals caring for the poor are allowed to have worse outcomes

·         All physicians have the same level of expertise

·         Each institution can have a different mix of patients

20. Today’s workplace with its layoffs, concern only for cost reduction, high rates of leadership and personnel change, and lack of organizational loyalty does not fit well with ___________________ to CQI. (Points: 6)

·         Department-centered approach

·         Professional approach

·         Organization-centered approach

·         Top-down approach

21. __________________ was the first to introduce ______________.  (Points: 6)

·         Shewhart, PDSA

·         Deming, PDCA

·         Shewhart, PDCA

·         Deming, PDSA

22. The “Do” cycle of PDCA includes the following: (Points: 6)

·         Lessons learned

·         Data Analysis

·         Customer outcomes

·         Holding the gains

23. The Institution for Healthcare Improvement was founded by: (Points: 6)

·         Brent James

·         Donald Berwick

·         Hubert Dreyfus

·         Walter Shewhart

24. External comparison allows you to identify areas of ___________________.  (Points: 6)

·         Success and failure

·         Progress and strength

·         Strength and weakness

·         Improvement and progress

25. The statistical methodology of Six Sigma was developed in 1980 and is used in conjunction with “lean” methodology, which has its roots in work done by: (Points : 6)

·         Welch and Smith

·         Ishikawa and Berwick

·         Berwick and James

·         Deming and Juran

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